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Potamonautidae
Malagasy freshwater crab (Madagapotamon humberti) Ankarana.jpg
Malagasy freshwater crab (Madagapotamon humberti), Ankarana Reserve, Madagascar
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Infraorder: Brachyura
Superfamily: Potamoidea
Family: Potamonautidae
Bott, 1970 

Potamonautidae is a family of freshwater crabs endemic to Africa, including the islands of Madagascar, the Seychelles, Zanzibar, Mafia, Pemba, Bioko, São Tomé, Príncipe and Sherbro Island. It comprises 18 extant genera and 138 extant species. Fossil remains dating from the Late Miocene period have been attributed to the family Potamonautidae.

It comprises the following subfamilies and genera:

Deckeniinae Ortmann, 1897
  • Deckenia Hilgendorf, 1869
  • Seychellum Ng, Števčić & Pretzmann, 1995
Hydrothelphusinae Bott, 1955
  • Afrithelphusa Bott, 1969
  • Boreas Cumberlidge & von Sternberg, 2002
  • Globonautes Bott, 1959
  • Hydrothelphusa A. Milne-Edwards, 1872
  • Louisea Cumberlidge, 1994
  • Madagapotamon Bott, 1965
  • Malagasya Cumberlidge & von Sternberg, 2002
  • Marojejy Cumberlidge, Boyko & Harvey, 2002
  • Skelosophusa Ng & Takeda, 1994
Potamonautinae Bott, 1970
  • Erimetopus Rathbun, 1894
  • Foza Dai & Bo, 1994
  • Liberonautes Bott, 1955
  • Platythelphusa A. Milne-Edwards, 1887
  • Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838
  • Potamonemus Cumberlidge & P. F. Clark, 1992
  • Sudanonautes Bott, 1955
  • TanzanonautesFeldmann et al., 2007
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