Manuel María Lombardini facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Manuel María Lombardini
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| 21st President of Mexico | |
| In office 8 February 1853 – 20 April 1853 |
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| Preceded by | Juan Bautista Ceballos |
| Succeeded by | Antonio López de Santa Anna |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 23 July 1802 Mexico City, New Spain |
| Died | 22 December 1853 (aged 51) Mexico City, Mexico |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Mexico |
| Branch/service | Mexican Army |
Manuel María Lombardini was a Mexican soldier who became president for a short time in 1853. He was in charge for about three months. He became president after a revolution against the government of President Mariano Arista.
After Arista and his replacement, Juan Bautista Ceballos, stepped down, the rebels chose Lombardini. He was meant to be a temporary leader. Their real goal was to bring back Santa Anna as president. Lombardini resigned on April 20, 1853. He passed away from pneumonia in December of the same year.
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Early Life of Manuel María Lombardini
Manuel María Lombardini was born in Mexico City in 1802. He joined the military when he was young. He was a good soldier in the artillery, which uses cannons.
In 1814, he was part of a group called the Patriots of Tacubaya. He fought for Spain during the Mexican War of Independence. But in 1821, he switched sides. He joined Agustín de Iturbide's Plan of Iguala, which aimed for Mexico's independence. He helped in the siege of Mexico City. He left the army a year later. However, he returned to military service in 1827. This was because of a plot to bring back Spanish rule.
Serving in the First Mexican Republic
During the First Mexican Republic, Lombardini joined the liberal Yorkino Party. He was a sublieutenant. In 1828, he took part in a fight at Tulancingo. This was against the Plan of Montaño, where conservatives tried to overthrow the government.
Lombardini supported the Yorkino Party. They wanted more public jobs and to remove Spaniards from Mexico. Even when there was a revolt against President-elect Manuel Gómez Pedraza, Lombardini stayed loyal to the government.
Military Actions and Promotions
In 1829, he joined the Plan of Jalapa against Vicente Guerrero. He led troops in Oaxaca. By 1830, he became a lieutenant. In 1832, he joined a revolt against President Bustamante. He brought 25 armed soldiers from Mexico City. He became a captain of veterans later that year. He fought against Bustamante with Colonel Valencia.
As Valencia's helper, he took part in battles in Zumpango, Lerma, and Toluca. He also helped in the siege of Mexico City. He fought bravely at Rancho de Posadas. After winning there, Santa Anna made him a lieutenant colonel. He also took control of Zacapoaxtla and brought order to the town.
Bustamante was overthrown in December 1832. The liberals elected Santa Anna and Valentín Gómez Farías. But people were unhappy with the new government. Another revolution started. Santa Anna then switched sides to support the conservatives. Lombardini also changed sides. In June 1834, he fought well at the siege of Puebla. He joined the conservative Plan of Cuernavaca, which overthrew President Valentín Gómez Farías. He was promoted to lieutenant and given command of Battalion Number 11.
Life in the Centralist Republic of Mexico
Under the Centralist Republic of Mexico, Lombardini joined the campaign against Texas in 1836. Texas had already become independent, but Mexico did not recognize it. He served under Nicholas Bravo.
When the Pastry War started, he fought against the French. He marched with General Cos's forces towards Veracruz.
Revolts and Wars
During the Federalist Revolt of 1839, Lombardini was captured by rebel commanders. He returned to Mexico in time for another revolt in 1840. During this time, rebels took over the National Palace. The capital city saw twelve days of fighting.
He joined Valencia in another revolt in 1841. This revolt was against President Anastasio Bustamante. It aimed to create a stronger central government. This new plan was called the Bases of Tacubaya.
Lombardini fought bravely in the Mexican–American War. He was wounded at the Battle of Angostura. When Mexican forces left the capital in September 1847, Lombardini was in command. After the war, he became a commander in the capital. He supported soldiers who lost their jobs due to government cuts. When a new revolution began in 1852, he worked with the leaders of the Plan of Jalisco. Both President Arista and President Ceballos resigned. The rebels then chose Lombardini as the new president on February 8, 1853.
Lombardini's Time as President
Lombardini was only a temporary president. The rebels' main goal was to bring Santa Anna back to power. Lombardini did not form a new cabinet. Instead, he worked with the existing officials in different government departments.
He was not very experienced at managing the government. His short time as president was marked by confusion and money problems. The army's costs and payments grew very large.
Meanwhile, state authorities were choosing the new president. On March 17, they decided to elect Santa Anna. Lombardini then started receiving orders from Santa Anna. On April 12, Lombardini gave Santa Anna the title of captain-general. Lombardini officially handed over the presidency on April 20, 1853.
Later Life and Legacy
After stepping down as president, Lombardini remained in charge of the capital's military forces. He continued to support Santa Anna. However, his health got worse. He died from pneumonia on December 22, 1853. His death did not get much attention. This was because Santa Anna's return to power was a much bigger event at the time.
See also
In Spanish: Manuel María Lombardini para niños
Images for kids
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Manuel María Lombardini, temporary President of Mexico
