Pseudomonas savastanoi facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Pseudomonas savastanoi |
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| A branch from an olive tree with a tumour caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Genus: |
Pseudomonas
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| Species: |
savastanoi
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| Type strain | |
| ATCC 13522 CFBP 1670 |
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| Pathovars | |
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P. s. pv. fraxini |
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| Synonyms | |
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Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi (Smith 1908) Young et al. 1978 |
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Pseudomonas savastanoi is a type of bacterium that causes diseases in many plants. It is known as a gram-negative plant pathogen. This means it can make plants sick.
This bacterium was once thought to be a part of another species, Pseudomonas syringae. But after scientists studied its DNA, they realized it was different enough to be its own species.
The name savastanoi comes from Savastano. He was a researcher who showed between 1887 and 1898 that bacteria caused "olive knot" disease.
The most important type of Pseudomonas savastanoi for farming is Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi. This type causes the disease called olive knot. When olive trees get this disease, they grow strange bumps or galls on their branches. These bumps are like plant tumors. The bacteria make a special chemical called indoleacetic acid that causes these growths. This is similar to how another bacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, causes crown gall disease.
Contents
History of Discovery
One of the first scientists to study the disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi in olive trees was Giuseppe Maria Giovene (1753-1837). He published his findings in 1789 in a work called Sulla rogna degli ulivi. This means "On the scab of olive trees."
Different Types (Pathovars)
Pseudomonas savastanoi has different types, called pathovars. Each pathovar tends to attack specific plants:
- Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. fraxini causes a disease called ash canker in ash trees.
- Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii attacks oleander plants.
- Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is the type that causes olive knot disease.
- Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola attacks Phaseolus plants, which include beans.
How Bacteria Talk (Quorum Sensing)
P. s. pv. s. has a special way of "talking" to other bacteria. This is called quorum sensing. It's like bacteria sending signals to each other to know how many of them are around. What's unusual is that P. s. pv. s. can share these signals with bacteria from a completely different group, called Enterobacterales.
Scientists have found that P. s. pv. s. makes signals called N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). These signals are very similar to those made by other bacteria like Erwinia toletana and Pantoea agglomerans.
One study showed that if a P. s. pv. s. bacterium couldn't make its own AHL signals, it couldn't cause disease very well. But if it was put with E. toletana or P. agglomerans, which *do* make these signals, it could cause disease again! This means these different types of bacteria can work together to make plants sick.
See also
In Spanish: Pseudomonas savastanoi para niños
