River Colne, Essex facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Colne |
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The River Colne near Colchester, looking south
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| Country | England |
| Region | Essex |
| City | Colchester |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Main source | near Cornish Hall End 104 m (341 ft) 52°00′52″N 0°26′19″E / 52.0144°N 0.4387°E |
| River mouth | North Sea Brightlingsea 0 m (0 ft) 51°48′03″N 1°00′37″E / 51.8007°N 1.0102°E |
| Length | 62 km (39 mi) |
The River Colne ( or) is a small river that runs through Essex, England and passes through Colchester. It is not a tributary of any other river, instead having an estuary that joins the sea near Brightlingsea.
In Colchester
The Colne Valley has a flood plain approximately 300 metres in width by the time it enters Colchester. This area is used as pasture because the river at this stage has no safeguards against it rising the two feet it needs to burst its banks, although it is split between two pasture areas in Spring Lane, Old Lexden. Somewhat to the south of Colchester North railway station, the river passes under a bridge and into a concrete-lined area that was used as an open-air bathing facility until the 1970s, and is now used by canoeists.
It then meanders under a road bridge at the bottom of North Hill, and tumbles down a weir used for discharge control at Middlemill, the site of a now-demolished mill. It forms the border of Colchester's Castle Park and the cricket ground, and footbridges cross it to provide access from the town centre to residential areas on the north side of the flood plain, which occasionally floods should the river rise too much. The river encircles one side of a small lake, and then turns south-east, and then south, before falling over a large weir and becoming tidal.
After Colchester
Beyond this point, the river shows significant mud banks at low tide, and flows through the Hythe, past the University of Essex campus, and then through the village of Rowhedge and the town of Wivenhoe past the tidal barrier and down to Brightlingsea. Downstream from the barrier, the Colne is marked by navigation buoys.
Situation
The banks of the Colne frequently incorporate pillboxes dating from the Second World War, particularly close to navigable crossings.
From Castle Park to Wivenhoe Railway Station, National Cycle Network Route 51 roughly follows the course of the Colne. This is a mixture of tarmac-surfaced shared-use paths, a short tarmac/gravel-surfaced area and, once out of the urban area of Colchester, a hard dirt path on the north levee of the river that passes the Hythe and the university all the way to Wivenhoe.
The Hythe area of Colchester, through which the Colne flows, was, from Roman times, a small port that supplied the town. However, the river is no longer deep enough to support ships large enough to make this viable, and water trade is now non-existent. Victorian-era plans to dredge the river once more ultimately failed.
