Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Roger de Quincy
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| Earl of Winchester Constable of Scotland |
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Arms of Roger de Quincy: Gules, seven mascles or 3,3,1.
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| Born | c. 1195 |
| Died | 25 April 1264 (aged 68–69) |
| Buried | Brackley |
| Spouse(s) | Helen of Galloway Maud de Bohun Eleanor de Ferrers |
| Issue | Margaret, Countess of Derby Elizabeth, Countess of Buchan Helen la Zouche |
| Father | Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester |
| Mother | Margaret de Beaumont |
Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester (born around 1195 – died 25 April 1264) was an important nobleman. He was from both English and Scottish families. He held a special job called the Constable of Scotland, which was passed down in his family. When he died, he owned a lot of land in both England and Scotland.
Contents
Early Life and Family History
The de Quincy family came from a village called Cuinchy in France. They became well-known in England and Scotland starting around the year 1130. Roger was the second son of Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester. His mother was Margaret, the younger daughter of a powerful earl named Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester.
Roger likely went with his father on a big journey called the Fifth Crusade. This was a religious war far away in Egypt. Sadly, his father got sick and died there. Roger's older brother, Robert, had died a few years earlier. This meant Roger inherited all his father's lands when he came back home. However, he wasn't officially recognized as an Earl until his mother passed away in 1235.
Becoming a Powerful Lord
Roger married a very wealthy woman named Helen of Galloway. She was the oldest of three daughters of Alan, Lord of Galloway, a powerful Scottish lord. When her father died in 1234, Roger received Helen's share of the family's wealth. This included the important job of Constable of Scotland and one-third of the land in Galloway. The main title of Lord of Galloway, however, went to Helen's half-sister, Devorguilla, and her husband John Balliol.
Challenges in Galloway
In 1235, the people of Galloway rebelled. They didn't want their land to be divided up. A leader named Gille Ruadh led this uprising. But King Alexander II of Scotland quickly stopped the rebellion.
The people of Galloway rebelled again in 1246. This happened after Helen's sister Christina died without children. There was more trouble in 1247. Roger de Quincy was even trapped in a castle! He managed to escape and get help from King Alexander to stop that rebellion too. After these events, Roger focused on managing his lands in Scotland. Even though he was Constable, he didn't get involved much in Scotland's politics or wars after that.
Involvement in English Politics
At first, Roger stayed out of English politics. But he slowly became part of a group of nobles who disagreed with King Henry III. In 1239 and 1246, he joined other nobles in writing letters to the Pope. They were complaining about the Pope getting too involved in English matters.
In 1258, Roger was chosen by the nobles to be on a special group of twelve people. This group was in charge of making changes to the government, known as the Provisions of Oxford. He was also on a committee to help organize money promised to King Henry. In 1259, he led a group to a place called St Omer. They told the King's brother, Richard, Earl of Cornwall, that he couldn't come back to England unless he promised to follow the new rules. After this, Roger de Quincy didn't play a big part in national politics.
Roger de Quincy died on April 25, 1264, when he was about 69 years old. He was buried at Brackley. He didn't have any sons, so the title of Earl of Winchester ended with him. His lands were divided among the husbands of his three daughters.
Family Life
Roger de Quincy married three times. He had three daughters from his first marriage to Helen of Galloway:
- Margaret (or Margery), who married William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby.
- Elizabeth (or Isabel), who married Alexander Comyn, 2nd Earl of Buchan.
- Helen, who married Alan de la Zouche.
His second marriage was around 1250 to Maud de Bohun. She was the daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford. Maud died in 1252. His third marriage was also in 1252, to Eleanor de Ferrers. She was the daughter of William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby. Neither of these later marriages had any children.
