Sanandaj facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Sanandaj
Kurdish: سنە
Sine
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City
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| Persian: سنندج | ||
   .jpg) Sanandaj from Abidar, Sanandaj Museum, Khosro Abad Mansion, Qeshlaq Bridge
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 Sanandaj
Location in Iran
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Sanandaj
Location in Iran Kurdistan
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| Country | Iran | |
| Province | Kurdistan | |
| County | Sanandaj | |
| District | Central | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 3,033 km2 (1,171 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 1,538 m (5,046 ft) | |
| Population
(2016)
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| • Total | 412,767 | |
| • Density | 136.092/km2 (352.48/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) | |
| Area code(s) | 087 | |
| Climate | Csa | |
Sanandaj (Persian: سنندج; pronounced [sænænˈdædʒ]) is a city in Iran. It is the capital of the Kurdistan province. Sanandaj is a large city, being the 23rd biggest in Iran. It is also the second largest city where many Kurdish people live.
Contents
History of Sanandaj
Sanandaj was founded about 250 years ago. Even though it's not a very old city, it has become a major center for Kurdish culture. During the Iran–Iraq War, Iraqi planes attacked the city. A cool fact is that since 2019, UNESCO has recognized Sanandaj as a "Creative City of Music."
The name "Sinna" first appeared in records around the 1300s. Before that, the main city in this area was called Sisar. The exact location of Sisar is not known today. Some people think the name "Sinna" might come from "Sadkhaniya," which means "hundred springs."
The name "Sisar" disappeared in the 1300s, and "Sinna" took its place. Later, a ruler named Soleyman Khan Ardalan helped develop Sinna in 1636-1637 CE. The city grew a lot under Aman Allah "the Great" from 1797 to 1825. In the 1800s, Sinna was a busy place for trade. It exported things like oak galls, tragacanth, furs, and carpets.
People of Sanandaj
Different Groups of People
Most of the people living in Sanandaj are Kurdish. There used to be a small number of Armenian people, but most of them have moved away. Before the Iranian Revolution in 1979, there was also a small Jewish community.
Languages Spoken
People in Sanandaj speak different languages. Here's a look at what languages are spoken:
| Sanandaj linguistic composition | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language | percent | |||
| Central Kurdish | 86% | |||
| Hawrami | 7% | |||
| New Persian | 4.95% | |||
| Southern Kurdish | 2% | |||
| Aramaic | 0.05% | |||
Religions in Sanandaj
Most people in Sanandaj follow the Shafi‘i branch of Sunni Islam.
City Population
In 2006, the city had about 311,446 people. By 2011, the population grew to 373,987. The most recent count in 2016 showed that 412,767 people lived in Sanandaj.
Geography and Climate
Where Sanandaj is Located
The city of Sanandaj is located between the Qishlaq river and a mountain called Mount Awidar. This mountain separates Sanandaj from an older capital city called Hasanabad. One of the biggest industries in Sanandaj is making carpets.
Sanandaj Climate
Sanandaj has a Mediterranean climate. This means it has cold and wet winters. Its summers are very hot and dry.
The weather station in Sanandaj started recording weather in 1959.
- The highest temperature ever recorded was 44°C (111°F) on July 16, 1981.
- The lowest temperature ever recorded was -31°C (-24°F) on February 6, 1974.
| Climate data for Sanandaj (1991-2020, extremes 1959-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
27.8 (82.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
36.6 (97.9) |
41.0 (105.8) |
44.0 (111.2) |
43.0 (109.4) |
39.4 (102.9) |
33.8 (92.8) |
26.0 (78.8) |
22.9 (73.2) |
44.0 (111.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
20.5 (68.9) |
26.4 (79.5) |
33.7 (92.7) |
37.7 (99.9) |
37.5 (99.5) |
32.5 (90.5) |
24.9 (76.8) |
15.3 (59.5) |
9.7 (49.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.8 (46.0) |
12.8 (55.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
28.4 (83.1) |
27.6 (81.7) |
21.9 (71.4) |
15.4 (59.7) |
7.8 (46.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.4 (24.1) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
1.1 (34.0) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.1 (48.4) |
13.6 (56.5) |
18.1 (64.6) |
17.1 (62.8) |
11.1 (52.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −28.0 (−18.4) |
−31.0 (−23.8) |
−16.0 (3.2) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.0 (44.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−23.6 (−10.5) |
−31.0 (−23.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 44.6 (1.76) |
50.7 (2.00) |
58.0 (2.28) |
65.9 (2.59) |
28.9 (1.14) |
2.2 (0.09) |
1.3 (0.05) |
0.2 (0.01) |
1.0 (0.04) |
28.2 (1.11) |
55.8 (2.20) |
47.4 (1.87) |
384.2 (15.14) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.8 | 7.1 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 3 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 50.5 |
| Average rainy days | 6.9 | 8.8 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 5.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 10.4 | 8.3 | 70.1 |
| Average snowy days | 8.0 | 6.4 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 3.9 | 21.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 64 | 55 | 53 | 46 | 28 | 24 | 24 | 29 | 43 | 63 | 69 | 47 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | −4.7 (23.5) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
1.6 (34.9) |
3.7 (38.7) |
2.2 (36.0) |
3.7 (38.7) |
3.0 (37.4) |
0.8 (33.4) |
0.9 (33.6) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
0.2 (32.3) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 155 | 166 | 211 | 231 | 295 | 356 | 357 | 347 | 313 | 255 | 183 | 152 | 3,021 |
| Source 1: NCEI | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: IRIMO (extremes, snow/sleet days for 1959-2010) | |||||||||||||
Economy of Sanandaj
The economy of Sanandaj is based on several important industries. These include making carpets, processing animal hides and skins, and milling rice. Other key products are refined sugar, woodworking, cotton weaving, metalware, and cutlery.
See also
In Spanish: Sanandaj para niños
