Thomas Percy, 1st Baron Egremont facts for kids

Thomas Percy, 1st Baron Egremont (born 29 November 1422 – died 10 July 1460), was an important noble from northern England. He was known for being involved in many local conflicts. He played a big part in the Percy–Neville feud, a major rivalry between two powerful families. When the Wars of the Roses began, Thomas Percy fought for King Henry VI and the Lancastrian side. He died in battle five years later at the Battle of Northampton.

Early Life and Challenges

Thomas Percy's early life was often filled with conflict. When he was 25, he was part of a group that fought against the workers of the Archbishop of York. This fight happened near the village of Stamford Bridge.

After this fight, Thomas was put in York Castle. Some people believed the Archbishop used his power to make sure Thomas was imprisoned. This event might have made the Percy family decide to fight against the Archbishop and his allies.

England also had conflicts with Scotland during this time. However, Thomas Percy was not part of a big battle in 1448. In that battle, his father and brother led an army against the Scots. They were defeated, and his brother was captured.

Land and Titles

Thomas Percy held lands in Cockermouth and Egremont in Cumberland. These areas were traditionally controlled by the Percy family. On 20 November 1449, Thomas was given the title of Lord Egremont. This was likely because his father was a Royal Councillor and had good connections at court.

As Lord Egremont, he received £10 each year from the county's income. This amount shows that he was not a very rich man. The Percy family's lands in Cumberland had become less valuable over time. Also, the Egremont barony was divided among three families. A large part of it was leased to the Earl of Salisbury. This further reduced Thomas Percy's income.

The Percy-Neville Rivalry

The exact start of the bad feelings between the Percy and Neville families is not clear. Some historians say they worked together in 1449 and even in 1453. For example, Sir Thomas Percy attended a parliamentary election with the Nevilles in 1449.

However, the rivalry grew very strong. Both families were powerful in northern England. They often competed for land, influence, and control. This competition sometimes led to violent clashes between their supporters. The feud became a major part of Thomas Percy's life.

Fighting in the Wars of the Roses

The Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars in England. They were fought between two branches of the royal family: the House of Lancaster (represented by a red rose) and the House of York (represented by a white rose). Thomas Percy was a strong supporter of King Henry VI and the Lancastrian side.

He was involved in several battles during these wars. His loyalty to the king led him to fight bravely. Sadly, Thomas Percy was killed in action at the Battle of Northampton on 10 July 1460. This battle was a major defeat for the Lancastrians.

See also

• Percy-Neville feud
• Hundred Years' War
• Wars of the roses