1190 facts for kids
The year 1190 was a time of big changes and important events around the world. Kings and emperors were on the move, new ideas were being shared, and some places saw new leaders take charge.
Contents
Major Events of 1190
The Third Crusade Continues
The Third Crusade was a huge military journey by European Christians to try and take back Jerusalem from Muslim control. In 1190, a very important leader, Frederick I Barbarossa, who was the Holy Roman Emperor, sadly drowned in the Saleph River. He was leading his army towards Jerusalem when this happened. His death was a big blow to the Crusaders.
Later in the year, two other powerful kings, Richard I of England (also known as the Lion-Hearted) and Philip II of France, met at a place called Vézelay. This meeting marked the official start of their part in the Third Crusade.
King Richard I in Sicily
On October 4, Richard I of England had a disagreement with Tancred of Sicily. Richard even threatened war and ended up capturing the city of Messina in Sicily. This showed how powerful King Richard was.
New Ideas and Books
A famous book called "On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy" (in Arabic, Kitab fasl al-maqal) was first published in 1190. This book explored how different religions and philosophical ideas could fit together.
Royal Coronations and Challenges
Richard I of England had his official coronation ceremony this year, becoming the King of England. However, it was also a difficult time for Jewish communities in England, who faced unrest and challenges.
Changes in Myanmar
In Myanmar, the family of a former ruler named Anawrahta got back control of the region. They had help from Sri Lanka. Before this, the area around Bagan had been in a state of chaos, or "anarchy." The new leaders brought in changes to Burmese Buddhism, making it more like the Theravada style of Buddhism found in Sri Lanka.
New Leaders and Foundations
- Henry I became the Duke of Brabant, an important title in what is now Belgium.
- Stevan Nemanja founded the Studenica monastery in Serbia. Monasteries were important centers for religion and learning.
- The feudal era began in Japan. This was a time when powerful land-owning lords, called daimyos, and their warrior knights, called samurai, held a lot of power.
- Cartmel Priory, a type of monastery, was founded in England.
Notable People Born in 1190
- Vincent of Beauvais: A Dominican friar who wrote huge encyclopedias, collecting knowledge from many different fields.
- Peter I, Duke of Brittany: A future Duke of Brittany, a region in France.
- William III of Sicily: A future King of Sicily.
- William of Sherwood: An English thinker known for his work in logic.
Notable People Who Died in 1190
- March 15 — Isabelle of Hainaut: The queen of Philip II of France.
- June 10 — Frederick Barbarossa: The Holy Roman Emperor, who drowned during the Third Crusade.
- July 25 — Sibylla of Jerusalem: The Queen of Jerusalem.
- William Fitzstephen: A person who worked for Thomas Becket and was a sheriff in England.
- Ranulf de Glanvill: A very important judge in England.
- Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester: A powerful English nobleman.
