Clan Johnstone facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Clan Johnston(e) |
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| Mac Iain, MacIain, Mac Eoin (Irish Gaelic) | |||
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| Motto | Nunquam Non Paratus ("Never Unprepared"). | ||
| Profile | |||
| Plant badge | Red Hawthorn. | ||
| Chief | |||
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| Patrick Hope-Johnstone, 11th Earl of Annandale and Hartfell | |||
| The 11th Earl of Annandale and Hartfell, Lord Johnstone, 26th Chief of the Name and Arms of Johnstone, 11th Hereditary Steward of Annandale and 11th Hereditary Keeper of Lochmaben Palace. | |||
| Seat | Mansion of Raehills,Lockerbie. | ||
| Historic seat | Lochwood Tower | ||
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Clan Johnstone is an old and powerful Scottish clan from the Scottish Borders. They were known as Border Reivers, which means they were groups who raided across the border with England.
Contents
History of Clan Johnstone
Where the Clan Began
The Clan Johnstone was one of the strongest Border Reiver clans. They first settled in a place called Annandale in Scotland. For over 600 years, they owned a lot of land in the western part of the Scottish Borders. They helped guard the border against attacks from England.
The first Johnstone we know about was John Johnstone. His son, Gilbert, is mentioned in records from after 1194. Sir John Johnstone was a knight from Dumfries. In 1296, he swore loyalty to Edward I of England. Later, in 1381, his great-grandson became the Lord Warden of the Marches. This was an important job, like being a chief guard of the border.
The Johnstones are thought to have come from Norman and Anglo-Saxon families.
Clan Conflicts in the 1400s
Adam Johnstone was the first Laird (or landowner) of Johnstone. He fought in a battle called the Battle of Sark in 1448. Adam's son helped James II of Scotland fight against the powerful Clan Douglas. This helped the king stop a rebellion. As a reward, the king gave the Johnstones lands that used to belong to the Douglas family.
Clan Conflicts in the 1500s
The Johnstones had a very long-running feud with another border clan called Clan Moffat. In 1557, this feud became very violent when the Moffat chief, Robert Moffat, was killed. The Johnstones then attacked the Moffat family, causing a lot of damage and loss of life. The Clan Moffat was almost completely destroyed. About 70 years later, all the Moffat lands were given to the Johnstones because the Moffats had too many debts.
Unlike many other border clans who raided each other, the Johnstones mostly raided only into England. However, they did have a major feud with the Clan Maxwell. In 1593, Lord Maxwell and many of his men were killed at the Battle of Dryfe Sands. Later, in 1608, Lord Maxwell unfairly killed Johnstone during a meeting meant to make peace. Maxwell was later captured and faced justice for his actions.
The 1600s and the Civil War
In 1633, King Charles I of England made James Johnstone, the chief of Clan Johnstone, a Lord. Ten years later, he became the Earl of Hartfell. He joined the forces of James Graham, 1st Marquis of Montrose after the Battle of Kilsyth in 1645. However, he was captured at the Battle of Philiphaugh.
His son, also named James, was held in several castles for a while. But later, King Charles II of England made him the Earl of Annandale and Hartfell.
Another part of the Clan Johnstone family was the Johnstones of Caskieben. Sir George Johnstone of Caskieben was given a special title called a Baronet in 1626. The third Baronet from this family fought for William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.
The 1700s
William Johnstone, who was the third Earl of Hartfell, became the Marquess of Annandale in 1701. He held many important government jobs, like President of the Privy Council.
James Johnstone, 2nd Marquess of Annandale, passed away in 1730. He had held the family titles for only nine years. His successor was George, 3rd Marquess of Annandale. In 1747, he became unwell and could not manage his family's business. When he passed away in 1792, the family titles were no longer used for a time. The family lands went to his grand-nephew, James Hope-Johnstone, 3rd Earl of Hopetoun.
Clan Chief Today
The current chief of Clan Johnstone is The 11th Earl of Annandale and Hartfell. He is also known as Lord Johnstone, the 26th Chief of the Name and Arms of Johnstone. He is also the 11th Hereditary Steward of Annandale and the 11th Hereditary Keeper of Lochmaben Palace.
In the 1800s, people tried to bring back the Annandale titles, but it wasn't until 1971 that progress was made. In 1982, Major Percy Johnstone of Annandale was recognized as a baron. Then, in 1985, it was decided that Major Percy Johnstone's son, Patrick, was the rightful chief of Clan Johnstone.
Clan Tartan
| Tartan Image | Notes |
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| This is the Johnston(e) tartan. It was first shown in 1842. |
_Tartan.svg)
See also
