Emperor Go-Horikawa facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Emperor Go-Horikawa後堀河天皇 |
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| Emperor of Japan | |||||
| Reign | July 29, 1221 – November 17, 1232 | ||||
| Coronation | January 14, 1222 | ||||
| Predecessor | Chūkyō | ||||
| Successor | Shijō | ||||
| Shōgun | Kujō Yoritsune | ||||
| Born | March 22, 1212 | ||||
| Died | August 31, 1234 (aged 22) | ||||
| Burial | Kannon-ji no Misasagi (觀音寺陵) (Kyoto) | ||||
| Spouse |
Fujiwara no Ariko
(m. 1223)Fujiwara no Chōshi
(m. 1226)Fujiwara no Shunshi
(m. 1230; died 1233) |
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| Issue more... |
Emperor Shijō | ||||
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| House | Yamato | ||||
| Father | Prince Morisada | ||||
Emperor Go-Horikawa (後堀河天皇, Go-Horikawa-tennō) (born March 22, 1212 – died August 31, 1234) was the 86th emperor of Japan. He ruled from 1221 to 1232.
His name, Go-Horikawa, means "Later Emperor Horikawa." This is because he was named after an earlier emperor, Emperor Horikawa, who lived in the 10th century. Sometimes, he is also called "Horikawa, the second."
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Becoming Emperor
Before becoming emperor, his personal name was Yutahito-shinnō (茂仁親王). He was also known as Motsihito-shinnō.
Go-Horikawa was the third son of Imperial Prince Morisada. Prince Morisada was the second son of Emperor Takakura.
Family Life
Emperor Go-Horikawa had several empresses and ladies-in-waiting.
- His first empress was Sanjō (Fujiwara) Ariuko.
- His second empress was Konoe (Fujiwara) Nagako.
- His third empress was Kujō (Fujiwara) Shunshi.
He had several children:
- His first son was Imperial Prince Mitsuhito, who later became Emperor Shijō.
- He also had three daughters: Imperial Princess Hoshi, Imperial Princess Kishi, and Imperial Princess Taishi.
Key Events in His Reign
Emperor Go-Horikawa became emperor in 1221. This happened because of a big event called the Jōkyū War. The previous emperor, Emperor Go-Toba, tried to take back power from the military government, the Kamakura shogunate. But he failed.
Because of this, the Kamakura shogunate removed Emperor Go-Toba's family from the throne. They forced Emperor Chūkyō to step down. Go-Horikawa, who was a grandson of the earlier Emperor Takakura, was chosen to become the new emperor. He was only ten years old when he started his rule.
- 1221: Emperor Chūkyō gave up his throne.
- 1221: Go-Horikawa became the new emperor.
Since he was so young, his father, Imperial Prince Morisada, helped him rule. His father acted as a "cloistered emperor." This meant he was a retired emperor who still had influence.
In 1232, Emperor Go-Horikawa decided to step down. He passed the throne to his one-year-old son, Emperor Shijō. Go-Horikawa then tried to rule as a cloistered emperor himself. However, he was not very strong and died less than two years later.
Emperor Go-Horikawa's tomb is in Kyoto. It is called Kannon-ji no Misasagi.
Important Court Officials
During Emperor Go-Horikawa's time, there was a special group of very powerful men at the emperor's court. They were called Kugyō (公卿).
These men were usually from important families. They had a lot of experience and helped the emperor with important decisions. This group usually had only three or four members at a time.
Some of the important officials during Go-Horikawa's reign included:
Time Periods During His Rule
The years of Emperor Go-Horikawa's reign are known by different era names or nengō. These were like different time periods used in Japan.
- Jōkyū (1219–1222 CE)
- Jōō (1222–1224 CE)
- Gennin (1224–1225 CE)
- Karoku (1225–1227 CE)
- Antei (1227–1229 CE)
- Kangi (1229–1232 CE)
See also
- Emperor of Japan
- List of Emperors of Japan
- Imperial cult
