Fernando Márquez de la Plata facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Fernando Márquez de la Plata
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| President of Government Junta of Chile | |
| In office 2 April 1811 – 4 July 1811 |
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| Preceded by | Juan Martínez de Rozas |
| Governor of Huancavelica, Peru | |
| In office 1784–1789 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
Fernando Márquez de la Plata y Orozco
August 30, 1740 Seville, Kingdom of Spain |
| Died | 17 December 1818 (aged 78) Santiago, Chile |
Fernando Márquez de la Plata y Orozco (born August 30, 1740 – died December 17, 1818) was an important Spanish official. He worked in the Spanish colonies in South America. He was also a key member of the First Government Junta of Chile in 1810. This group helped Chile start its journey towards independence.
Contents
Early Life and Career
Fernando was born in Seville, Spain, on August 30, 1740. He came from a very important and old family. His father was a judge. Later, his father worked for the Council of Indies, a powerful group that managed Spain's colonies.
Fernando studied law at the University of Seville. He became a lawyer. After his studies, he also joined the Council of Indies. This was a big step in his career.
Moving to South America
In 1776, Fernando Márquez de la Plata moved to America. He first lived in La Paz, which is now in Bolivia. There, he worked as an Appeals Judge. This meant he helped make important legal decisions. He held this job from 1781 to 1783.
After that, he became the Governor of Huancavelica in Peru. He was in charge of this area from 1784 to 1789. Later, he moved to Lima, Peru, to be an Appeals Judge there too.
Family and New Roles
In 1786, Fernando married María Antonia Calvo de Encalada y Recabarren. She was from Chile. They got married even though Fernando was still in Lima. In 1798, he became the President of the Appeals Court in Quito, which is now in Ecuador. People knew him for being fair and smart.
In 1803, he traveled to Santiago, Chile. He became the Regent of the Appeals Court there. This was a very high legal position.
Role in Chilean Independence
In 1810, the Royal Governor of Chile, Mateo de Toro y Zambrano, called an important meeting. This meeting was for the main citizens of Santiago. They met to decide the future of the colony. Fernando Márquez de la Plata was part of this meeting.
On September 18, 1810, the First Government Junta of Chile was formed. This group was created to govern Chile. Fernando Márquez de la Plata was chosen as one of its members.
Becoming President of the Junta
After some time, the leader of the Junta, Mateo de Toro y Zambrano, passed away. The Vice President also became ill and died. Then, their chosen successor, Juan Martinez de Rozas, faced problems. This was due to a rebellion called the Figueroa mutiny. Fernando Márquez de la Plata had to help stop this rebellion.
Because of these events, Fernando Márquez de la Plata was chosen as the new president. He led the Government Junta from April 2 to July 4, 1811. In September 1811, he joined a new court called the Tribunal de Apelaciones. He became its most senior member.
Exile and Return
In 1814, after the Battle of Rancagua, Fernando had to leave Chile. He went to Mendoza, Argentina. Unlike many others, he took most of his money and valuable items with him. He returned to Chile in 1818, after Chile became independent.
He was then named Regent of the Justice Courts. He held this important job until he passed away later that same year. He was 78 years old.
See also
In Spanish: Fernando Márquez de la Plata para niños
