Fryazino facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Fryazino
Фрязино
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Town
|
|||
View of Fryazino
|
|||
|
|||
 Fryazino
Location in Russia
Fryazino
Location in Moscow Oblast
|
|||
| Country | Russia | ||
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast | ||
| Founded | 1584 | ||
| Town status since | 1951 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Body | Council of Deputies | ||
| Area
Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
|
|||
| • Total | Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1,575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). km2 (Formatting error: invalid input when rounding sq mi) | ||
| Elevation
Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
|
Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1,575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). m (Bad rounding hereFormatting error: invalid input when rounding ft) | ||
| Population
(2010 Census)
|
|||
| • Total | 55,369 | ||
| • Estimate
(2018)Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
|
Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1,575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). (<span style="color:Expression error: Unexpected < operator.Expression error: Unexpected < operator.%) | ||
| • Rank | 299th in 2010 | ||
| Demonym(s) | Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). | ||
|
Administrative status
|
|||
| • Subordinated to | Fryazino Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction | ||
| • Capital of | Fryazino Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction | ||
|
Municipal status
|
|||
| • Urban okrug | Fryazino Urban Okrug | ||
| • Capital of | Fryazino Urban Okrug | ||
| Time zone | [[UTC+Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]] (Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). ) | ||
| Postal code(s) |
141190
|
||
| Dialing code(s) | +7 49656 | ||
| OKTMO ID | Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). | ||
| Town Day | Observed in fall | ||
| Twin towns | Lua error in Module:Wd at line 1575: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). | ||
.svg)
.svg)
Fryazino (pronounced FRAY-zee-noh) is a special kind of scientific town in Russia. It's located in the Moscow Oblast, about 25 kilometers (15 miles) northeast of the big city of Moscow. The town sits by the Lyuboseyevka River.
Fryazino is famous for being a top center for Russian microwave electronics. This means they do a lot of important work with technology that uses microwaves, like in radios and other devices. In 2021, about 60,580 people lived in Fryazino.
Contents
History of Fryazino
The area where Fryazino is today used to have several villages. These included Grebnevo, Fryazinovka, and Chizhovo. Records show these villages existed between 1584 and 1856.
The name Fryazino first appeared in official records from 1584–1586. It was described as a village with fields, hay, and forests. At that time, it belonged to a person named Bogdan Belsky.
- 1791 — The beautiful temple of Theotokos of Grebnevo was built.
- 1868 — The area was officially known as the village Fryazino.
- 1938 — It became a work settlement, which is a step towards becoming a town.
- 1951 — Fryazino was officially given town status.
- 1968 — It gained the status of a regional subordination town.
- 2003 — On December 29, Presidential decree made Fryazino a Scientific town of the Russian Federation. This means it's recognized for its important scientific research.
- 2009 — On October 28, the President of Russia, Dmitry Medvedev, held a meeting in Fryazino. The meeting was about making Russia's economy more modern and technologically advanced.
Town Government and Status
Fryazino is an important administrative unit in Russia. It is known as a Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction. This means it has a special status, similar to a district, within the Moscow Oblast.
For local government, Fryazino is set up as an Urban Okrug. This helps manage the town's services and local affairs. The town's leader is called the Head, and the current one is Konstantin Bocharov.
Economy and Industry
Fryazino has a rich history of industry. In 1901, Anna Kaptsova started a large silk-weaving factory in the village. This was the first stone building there. The factory was later closed in 1929.
In 1933, the old silk factory became the Radiolampa plant. This was a big step, making Fryazino a key center for the Soviet electronics industry. The first research institute, SRI-160 (now called RPC "Istok"), was founded in Fryazino in 1943. Over time, five more research institutes were added. A branch of the Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronics also opened here in 1955.
During the Soviet era, these growing businesses were part of a military research area. After the Soviet Union broke apart, many of these places had to let go of staff. Today, many people from Fryazino work in Moscow.
Some of the research institutes have changed to make new products. For example, in 1993, "Istok-Sistema" started making medical equipment like the "Gastroscan". In 1994, "Istok-Audio" began making hearing aids. Besides electronics and medical devices, Fryazino also has candy factories and a tea-packing factory called "May". There are also furniture factories in the town.
Education in Fryazino
The first school in Fryazino opened in 1912. Today, the town has 7 schools. These include 5 secondary schools, a gymnasium, and a lyceum.
By the late 1980s, Fryazino was known for its educated population. About 20% of the people had a higher education. This included many scientists and researchers. There were 460 people with a Candidate of Sciences degree and 77 with a Doktor nauk degree. The town also had 2 Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Plus, 120 people had won important awards like the Lenin Prize or USSR State Prize.
Architecture and Sights to See
On the eastern edge of Fryazino, by the Lyuboseyevka River, you can find the historic estate of Grebnevo. It was built between 1780 and 1790 and later rebuilt from 1817 to 1823.
In the center of town is the Alley of Heroes. Here, you'll see busts (sculptures of heads and shoulders) of Heroes of the Soviet Union from Fryazino. These heroes, like Alexandr Dudkin, Boris Yeryashev, and Ivan Ivanov, fought in World War II. Another monument, "Stella wins," lists the names of all Fryazino residents who took part in World War II.
The town also has several museums:
- The Town Museum
- Ivan Ivanov's Home Museum
- The Literary Museum of Osip Mandelstam
Transportation and Connections
Getting to Fryazino from Moscow is quite easy. You have two main options:
- By train: You can take a train from Yaroslavsky Rail Terminal. The ride takes about 1 hour and 15 minutes.
- By bus: Minibuses or coaches (numbers 361, 335) leave from the Moscow Central Bus Terminal. This is near the Shcholkovskaya underground station. The bus ride takes about 45 minutes, but it can be longer during busy times.
The town is located on the P-110 motorway, which connects Schyolkovo to Fryanovo. Fryazino is about 7 kilometers (4 miles) from the start of this motorway. The town has a new bus station on Polevaya Street. There are three local bus lines and several taxi services. Also, 10 commuter bus routes pass through the town, including those from Moscow.
Fryazino also has a railway station and two passenger platforms. These are called Fryazino-Commodity and Fryazino-Passenger, which is the final stop.
The town has a good computer network called Fryazino.net.
Notable People from Fryazino
Many interesting people have connections to Fryazino, including:
- Alexander Balandin, a cosmonaut (someone who travels to space).
- Nikolay Devyatkov (1907–2001), a famous engineer and inventor.
- Yury Gulyayev (born 1935), a well-known physicist.
- Aleksey Kuleshov, a talented volleyball player.
- Stanislav Petrov (1939–2017), a military officer.
- Alexander Zaitsev, an astronomer (someone who studies stars and planets).
See also
In Spanish: Friázino para niños
