Hisamuddin of Selangor facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Hisamuddinحسام الدين |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong II | |||||||||
State portrait, 1960
|
|||||||||
| Yang di-Pertuan Agong | |||||||||
| Reign | 14 April 1960 – 1 September 1960 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan | ||||||||
| Successor | Putra of Perlis | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | Tunku Abdul Rahman | ||||||||
| Sultan of Selangor | |||||||||
| Reign | 4 April 1938 – 15 January 1942 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 26 January 1939 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah | ||||||||
| Successor | Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah | ||||||||
| Reign | 14 September 1945 – 1 September 1960 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah | ||||||||
| Successor | Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah | ||||||||
| Born | 13 May 1898 Bandar Termasha, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Federated Malay States, British Malaya |
||||||||
| Died | 1 September 1960 (aged 62) Istana Tetamu, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya |
||||||||
| Burial | 3 September 1960 Royal Mausoleum, Klang, Selangor, Malaya |
||||||||
| Spouse |
Tengku Ampuan Jemaah Binti Almarhum Raja Ahmad
(m. 1920)
|
||||||||
| Issue Detail |
Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah Tengku Azman Shah Tengku Badli Shah Tengku Hajah Raudzah Tengku Siti Kartina Tengku Ampuan Bariah Tengku Ismail Shah Tengku Hajah Calipha |
||||||||
|
|||||||||
| House | Opu Daeng Celak | ||||||||
| Father | Sultan Sir Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah ibni Al-Marhum Raja Muda Raja Musa | ||||||||
| Mother | Cik Puan Hasnah Binti Pilong | ||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj was a very important leader in Malaya. He was the second Yang di-Pertuan Agong (which means Supreme Head of State) of Malaya. He held this high position from April to September 1960. Before that, he was the sixth Sultan of Selangor for two periods: first from 1938 to 1942, and then again from 1945 to 1960.
Contents
Early Life and Education
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was born on May 13, 1898. His birth name was Tengku Alam Shah. He was the third son of Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah. His mother was Cik Puan Hasnah binti Pilong.
Even though he was a son of the Sultan, he wasn't expected to become Sultan at first. This was because he had two older half-brothers.
He went to school at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar. This was an important school for young Malay leaders. Later, in 1929, he helped start the Malay College Old Boys Association (MCOBA). This group was for former students of the college. In 1931, he was given the title Tengku Laksamana of Selangor. Before that, he was known as Tengku Panglima Raja. These were important royal titles.
Becoming Sultan of Selangor
Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, Hisamuddin's father, had many children. His first three sons were Tengku Musa Eddin, Tengku Badar Shah, and Tengku Alam Shah (who became Sultan Hisamuddin). The first two sons were from his royal wife.
In 1920, Tengku Musa Eddin was named the Raja Muda, which means the heir to the throne. However, in 1934, the British Resident, Theodore Samuel Adams, removed Tengku Musa Eddin from this position. There were disagreements about his behavior. Many Malays in Selangor believed the real reason was that Tengku Musa Eddin did not always follow the British Resident's orders.
Even though Sultan Sulaiman tried to help Tengku Musa Eddin, Tengku Alam Shah was chosen as the new Raja Muda on July 20, 1936. This meant he would be the next Sultan.
First Time as Sultan (1938-1942)
Tengku Alam Shah became Sultan on April 4, 1938. This was just four days after his father passed away. On January 26, 1939, he had his official crowning ceremony. It took place at Istana Mahkota Puri in Klang. His older half-brother, Tengku Musa Eddin, was part of the ceremony.
During the Japanese Occupation
When the Japanese army took control during World War II, things changed for Sultan Hisamuddin. On January 15, 1942, the Japanese military governor of Selangor met with him. The Sultan explained that he had supported the British because the British resident had asked him to.
The Japanese then removed Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah from his position. In November 1943, they made his older brother, Tengku Musa Eddin, the new Sultan of Selangor.
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah did not want to work with the Japanese. From 1943 onwards, he refused to accept any money or support from them for himself or his children.
Second Time as Sultan (1945-1960)
When the British returned after the war, Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was put back on the throne. The former Sultan Musa was sent away to the Cocos (Keeling) Islands.
At first, Sultan Hisamuddin signed the Malayan Union treaty, like other Malay rulers. This treaty would have changed how Malaya was governed. However, he later changed his mind. He openly supported the Malay people who wanted to stop the Malayan Union plan.
On March 1, 1946, Sultan Alam Shah opened the First Malay Unity Congress. This meeting was held in Kuala Lumpur. It was very important in helping to create UMNO, a major political party in Malaysia. The Selangor Malay Society organized this congress.
Becoming Yang di-Pertuan Agong
On August 31, 1957, Malaya became an independent country. Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was chosen to be the Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong. This was a very important role in the new nation.
Election as Supreme Ruler
After the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Tuanku Abdul Rahman, passed away, Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was chosen as the second Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He became the federal Paramount Ruler of independent Malaya. His term began on April 14, 1960. On July 30, 1960, he announced the end of the Emergency in Malaya. This was a period of conflict that had lasted for many years.
Death and Funeral
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah became ill and passed away on September 1, 1960. He was 62 years old. He died at Istana Tetamu in Kuala Lumpur. This was the very day he was supposed to have his official installation ceremony as Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
He was buried at the Royal Mausoleum near the Sultan Sulaiman Mosque in Klang, Selangor. This happened on September 3, 1960. After his passing, the role of Yang di-Pertuan Agong went to the next state ruler.
Personal Life and Family
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was married several times. His first marriage was in 1920 to Raja Jemaah binti Raja Ahmad. She later became the Tengku Ampuan of Selangor and the Raja Permaisuri Agong.
One of his sons with Raja Jemaah was Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah. He later became the Sultan of Selangor, taking the name Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah. Interestingly, Sultan Salahuddin also became the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He also passed away while holding this high office, just like his father.
Awards and Recognitions
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah received many honors during his life.
Honors from Malaya
Malaya:
He received the Order of the Crown of the Realm (DMN) on August 31, 1958.
_-_DMN.svg){kind=small}
Honors from Other Countries
United Kingdom:
King George V Silver Jubilee Medal (1935)
King George VI Coronation Medal (1937)
Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) - This honor allowed him to use the title Sir (1938).
Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal (1953)
Brunei:
Member First Class of the Family Order of Laila Utama (DK) - This honor allowed him to use the title Dato Laila Utama (September 24, 1958).
Places Named After Him
Many places and institutions are named in honor of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah. These include:
- Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah (a college)
- Sekolah Alam Shah (now Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah), a school
- SMS Alam Shah, another school
- The city of Shah Alam and Istana Alam Shah in Klang
- Jalan Sultan Hishamuddin (a street in Kuala Lumpur)
- Shah Alam Cemetery
- Shah Alam Circuit
- Shah Alam Expressway
- Shah Alam Komuter station
- Shah Alam Royal Mausoleum
- Shah Alam Royale Theatre
- Shah Alam Stadium
- Shah Alam Transfer Station
- Shah Alam–Puchong Highway
- Sultan Alam Shah Museum
- Several primary and secondary schools like SK Shah Alam, SK Satu Sultan Alam Shah, SMK Shah Alam, and SAMT Sultan Hisamuddin.
- Kolej Komuniti Shah Alam (a community college)
- Shah Alam Hospital
- Taman Tasik Shah Alam (a lake park)
- Shah Alam National Botanical Park
- Persiaran Hishamuddin (a road)
- Persiaran Hishamuddin LRT station
Interesting Facts
- His time as Yang di-Pertuan Agong was the shortest ever, lasting only 139 days. His son's reign was the second shortest.
- He is the only Yang di-Pertuan Agong who was never officially installed in a ceremony.
- He is also the only Yang di-Pertuan Agong who never lived at Istana Negara, Kuala Lumpur, the official palace.
- He was the last Yang di-Pertuan Agong to read the Friday sermon himself.
