James T. Kirk (Union officer) facts for kids

James Thompson Kirk (born September 21, 1826 – died December 7, 1886) was an important person from Pennsylvania. He started his career as a merchant, selling goods, and later became a brave officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was the second officer to hold the rank of colonel in the 10th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment.

About James Thompson Kirk

Early Life and Business

James Thompson Kirk was born in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. His parents were George A. and Jane (Thompson) Kirk. He went to regular schools and then became a "merchant tailor." This meant he sold fabrics and also made clothes for people. In 1851, he moved to Washington, Pennsylvania, where he owned and ran his own retail store.

Joining the Army

Kirk joined the Army soon after the American Civil War began. In June 1861, he was made a captain of Company D in the 10th Pennsylvania Reserves. This group was also known as the 39th Pennsylvania Infantry. Just three weeks later, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the regiment.

Leading in Battle

Kirk saw his first combat in the Battle of Dranesville in Northern Virginia. This battle happened on December 20, 1861.

When Colonel John S. McCalmont left his position in May 1862, Kirk was promoted to colonel. He then commanded the regiment during several important battles. These included the Battle of Beaver Dam Creek, the Battle of Gaines Mill, and the Battle of Glendale. In these first three battles, his regiment was part of the 3rd Brigade of the 3rd Division. This division belonged to Maj. Gen. Fitz John Porter's V Corps.

Later, at the Second Battle of Bull Run, his regiment fought with a different group. Kirk briefly led the entire brigade during this battle. However, he was wounded and had to leave the action. Because of his injuries, he missed the battles of South Mountain and Antietam.

Leaving the Army and Later Life

It became clear that his wounds were serious and would prevent him from fighting again. So, James Thompson Kirk resigned from the army on October 18, 1862.

After the war ended, Kirk went back to his business as a merchant. He passed away at the age of 60 in Washington, Pennsylvania. He is buried in Washington Cemetery.