Joaquín Milans del Bosch facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Joaquín Milans del Bosch
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Lieutenant General Milans del Bosch in 1916
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| Civil Governor of Barcelona | |
| In office 26 September 1924 – 18 February 1930 |
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| Monarch | Alfonso XIII |
| Prime Minister | Miguel Primo de Rivera |
| Preceded by | Carlos de Lossada |
| Succeeded by | Ignasi Despujol de Sabater |
| Captain General of Catalonia | |
| In office 30 September 1918 – 10 February 1920 |
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| Preceded by | Ramón García y Menacho |
| Succeeded by | Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 6 June 1854 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain |
| Died | 31 August 1936 (aged 82) Chamberí, Madrid, Spain |
| Relatives | |
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| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of Spain |
| Branch | Spanish Army, Army of Africa |
| Service years | 1872–1930 |
| Rank | Lieutenant-general |
| Wars |
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Joaquín León Milans del Bosch y Carrió (born June 6, 1854 – died August 31, 1936) was an important Spanish military officer. His family had a history of being liberal, but Joaquín and his generation became more conservative. He served in the Spanish Army for many years and held important positions in Spain.
Contents
Biography
Early Life and Military Start
Joaquín's father passed away when he was only three years old. He was raised by his uncle, Lorenzo Milans del Bosch. Joaquín joined the cavalry army when he was young. He lived during the time of the Bourbon restoration and supported King Alfonso XII.
Military Career and Royal Service
Milans del Bosch fought in the Third Carlist War in 1893. He also fought in the Tagalog War in the Philippines from 1897 to 1898. There, he met Miguel Primo de Rivera, who would later become a dictator.
After these wars, Joaquín returned to Spain. He held various military and diplomatic jobs. He was then named an assistant to King Alfonso XIII. He became a "Gentleman of the Bedchamber," which meant he was an honorary royal servant. Later, he was sent to Madrid and Morocco, where he became a lieutenant general.
Captain General of Catalonia
On September 30, 1918, Milans del Bosch became the Captain General of Catalonia. This was a difficult time in Catalonia. The economy was struggling because exports to other countries had stopped, and prices were rising.
Workers, led by the National Confederation of Labour, organized to demand better conditions. There were conflicts between workers and employers. Milans del Bosch supported the employers. He used military force to control social unrest, especially during the Canadiense strike.
He felt he had the support of the wealthy people in Catalonia. He did not leave his post until King Alfonso directly ordered him to resign. This happened on February 10, 1920. During his time as Captain General, he was often invited to fancy events by Barcelona's rich families. King Alfonso later made him head of the Casa Militar de la Casa Real as a reward for his service.
Civil Governor of Barcelona
On September 26, 1924, Milans del Bosch was appointed Civil Governor of Barcelona. This happened three months after he left his royal household job. His friend, Prime Minister Miguel Primo de Rivera, gave him this position.
Together with other officials, he started a strong campaign against Catalan culture and language. In 1925, he ordered the closure of FC Barcelona's stadium, Camp Nou. He also closed the Orfeó Català, a famous Catalan choir. He banned Catalan cultural groups and stopped Catalan newspapers and magazines from being published. He was removed from this job on February 18, 1930, when the dictatorship ended.
Later Life and Death
From October 1927 to February 1930, Milans del Bosch was part of the National Advisory Assembly during Primo de Rivera's rule.
When the Spanish Civil War began on July 18, 1936, Milans del Bosch chose to stay in Madrid. He could have gone to the Turkish embassy for safety, but his son Mariano had been arrested. On August 30, he was taken by militiamen. The next day, August 31, 1936, he died on Fernando el Santo Street in Madrid.
See also
In Spanish: Joaquín Milans del Bosch para niños
