Katō Takaaki facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Count
Katō Takaaki
|
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| 14th Prime Minister of Japan | |
| In office 11 June 1924 – 28 January 1926 |
|
| Monarch | Taishō |
| Regent | Hirohito |
| Preceded by | Kiyoura Keigo |
| Succeeded by | Wakatsuki Reijirō |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 3 January 1860 Aisai, Aichi, Japan |
| Died | 28 January 1926 (aged 66) Tokyo, Japan |
| Cause of death | Pneumonia |
| Political party | Kenseikai |
| Spouse | Katō Haruji |
| Alma mater | Tokyo Imperial University |
| Signature |  |
Count Katō Takaaki(January 1860 – 28 January 1926) was a Japanese politician, diplomat, and the 14th Prime Minister of Japan from 11 June 1924 until his death on 28 January 1926, during the period which historians have called "Taishō Democracy". He was also known as Katō Kōmei.
Contents
Early life
Katō, was born as Hattori Sokichi, the second son of a former samurai retainer of the Owari Tokugawa domain in Nagoya, Owari Province, in the town of Saya, Ama District. He was adopted by Katō Bunhei at the age of 13, and attended Tokyo Imperial University, from which he graduated at the top of his class from the Law Department, specializing in English common law. After graduation, he worked as an employee of Mitsubishi zaibatsu, and was sent to London for two years. On his return to Japan in 1885, he became an assistant manager at the Mitsubishi head office in Marunouchi, Tokyo. In 1886, he married Haruji, the eldest daughter of Iwasaki Yatarō, the president of Mitsubishi.
As cabinet minister and ambassador
In 1887, Katō became private secretary to Ōkuma Shigenobu, who was then Minister of Foreign Affairs, and worked with Ōkuma on the revision of the unequal treaties. Subsequently he served as director of the Banking Bureau in the Finance Ministry.
From 1894 to 1899, he served as envoy to the United Kingdom, and in 1900, during the 4th Itō administration, he became Foreign Minister. During his period in the United Kingdom and in the Foreign Ministry, he helped lay the foundations for the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, which was concluded in 1902. In 1902 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet from Kōchi Prefecture.
In 1908 he accepted the post of ambassador in London. He received an honorary GCMG, and earned the reputation of being one of the strongest among the junior statesmen. He resigned his post as ambassador in December 1912, and again served as Foreign Minister in the 3rd Katsura and 2nd Ōkuma administrations.
He was foreign minister at the outbreak of World War I. Internationally he took the opportunity to redefine Japan's relationship with China. In doing so he was not simply outflanking the extremists opposed to him; he was also honouring his own belief that Japan should be a great power like those of Europe.
Katō's decision that Japan should enter World War I greatly angered the genrō, who had not been consulted, and who therefore felt that their power and authority were being slighted. In addition, Katō created considerable controversy in January 1915, when he issued the Twenty-One Demands to China, which sparked a major international incident and considerable opposition domestically.
As Prime Minister
In 1915, Katō was selected as a member of the House of Peers by Imperial command. He became president of the conservative Kenseikai political party in the following year, whose policies he greatly influenced with his opposition to the genrō, support of the constitution and support for extension of popular suffrage.
Katō was appointed Prime Minister of Japan from 1924 until his death in early 1926. In 1925, Katō had the General Election Law enacted, which extended the vote to all male citizens over the age of 25. He also ratified the Peace Preservation Law, which suppressed leftist political organizations, and concluded the Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention. He also initiated universal military service. Katō strove to reduce government spending.
Katō Takaaki died in office from pneumonia in 1926, aged 66.
Honours
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure (28 December 1902)
- Baron (24 August 1911)
- Viscount (14 July 1916)
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flowers (14 July 1916)
- Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum (28 January 1926; posthumous)
- Count (28 January 1926; posthumous)
Images for kids
-
Katō Takaaki in suit.
See also
In Spanish: Katō Takaaki para niños
