Luxembourg (region) facts for kids

The region of Luxembourg is made up of two main parts. One part is the small country called Luxembourg. The other part is a province in Belgium also named Luxembourg. Both of these areas are part of a larger region in Europe known as the Low Countries.

Until 1839, these two parts were actually one single area.

The Country of Luxembourg

The country of Luxembourg is officially known as the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It is one of the smallest countries in Europe. It is surrounded by Belgium, France, and Germany. Even though it is small, it is a very important country in Europe.

What is a Grand Duchy?

A Grand Duchy is a type of country where the leader is a "Grand Duke" or "Grand Duchess." It is similar to a kingdom, but the title of the ruler is different. Luxembourg is the only remaining Grand Duchy in the world today.

Geography of Luxembourg

Luxembourg has a varied landscape. The northern part is called the Oesling. It is part of the Ardennes mountain range. This area has hills and forests. The southern part is called the Gutland, which means "Good Land." This area has more farms and is where most people live. The country has several rivers, including the Moselle, Sauer, and Our.

People and Culture

The people of Luxembourg are called Luxembourgers. They speak several languages. The national language is Luxembourgish. Many people also speak French and German. These languages are used in daily life, in schools, and in government. Luxembourg has a rich culture with many traditions, festivals, and delicious food.

Economy of Luxembourg

Luxembourg has a very strong economy. It is known for its banking and finance industries. Many international banks and companies have offices there. It also has a history of steel production. The country has a high standard of living, which means people generally have good jobs and comfortable lives.

Government of Luxembourg

Luxembourg is a constitutional monarchy. This means it has a Grand Duke as its head of state, but the country is governed by a parliament and elected officials. The Grand Duke has some powers, but the real power lies with the elected government, led by the Prime Minister. This system helps make sure the country is run fairly for its citizens.

The Belgian Province of Luxembourg

The Belgian province of Luxembourg is located in the southeastern part of Belgium. It is the largest province in Belgium by area. However, it has one of the smallest populations.

Geography of Belgian Luxembourg

This province is also part of the Ardennes region. It is known for its beautiful forests, rolling hills, and many rivers. It is a popular area for outdoor activities like hiking, cycling, and kayaking. There are also many charming villages and castles in the area.

Towns and Cities

Some of the important towns in the Belgian province of Luxembourg include Arlon, which is the capital, and Bastogne, which is famous for its role in World War II. The province is less industrial than other parts of Belgium and is more focused on agriculture and tourism.

History of the Division

As mentioned, the country of Luxembourg and the Belgian province of Luxembourg were once one. This changed in 1839 with the Treaty of London. This treaty officially separated the larger Grand Duchy of Luxembourg into two parts. The western part became the Belgian province, and the eastern part remained the independent Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. This division was part of larger political changes happening in Europe at the time.