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List of heads of state of Sudan facts for kids

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President of the Republic of the Sudan
Presidential Standard of Sudan.svg
Emblem of Sudan (gold).svg
Emblem of Sudan
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, 2019 (cropped).jpg
Incumbent
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council

since 11 November 2021
Executive branch of the Sudanese Government
Head of state of the Republic of the Sudan
Residence Republican Palace, Khartoum
Formation 17 November 1958; 66 years ago (1958-11-17)
First holder Five-member Sovereignty Council (collective presidency)
Salary 29,320 USD annually


This article tells you about the leaders of Sudan since it became an independent country in 1956. These leaders are called the "heads of state."

Sudan's Leaders: A Quick Look

Sudan became independent on January 1, 1956. Since then, many different people and groups have led the country. The main leader is now called the President of the Republic of the Sudan.

Before 1956, Sudan was ruled by both Egypt and the United Kingdom. This shared rule was like a partnership. When Sudan became independent, a group of five people, called the Sovereignty Council, took charge. This was because different groups couldn't agree on one single leader.

In November 1958, General Ibrahim Abboud took control in a military takeover. He became the head of state. He later became president in 1964 but resigned that same year. People were not happy with the military's rule. After him, a civil servant named Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa was acting president for a short time. Then, another group, the Committee of Sovereignty, took over.

Ismail al-Azhari became president in July 1965. He had limited power. In 1969, military officers took over again. They formed a new council led by Jaafar Nimeiry. Nimeiry became president in 1971. He created a system where only one political party was allowed.

In 1985, military officers removed Nimeiry from power. They formed the 1985 Transitional Military Council. Field Marshal Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab led this group. After that, Ahmed al-Mirghani became Chairman of the Supreme Council in 1986. He was removed in 1989 by Lieutenant-General Omar al-Bashir.

Al-Bashir led Sudan for almost 30 years. He was head of state from 1989 to 1993. Then he was president from 1993 to 2019.

Recent Changes in Leadership

In April 2019, Omar al-Bashir was removed from power by the Sudanese Armed Forces. This happened during the Sudanese revolution. Lieutenant-General Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf took control briefly. He then resigned, and Lieutenant-General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan took his place.

The military council was replaced by the Transitional Sovereignty Council in August 2019. This council had 11 members, both civilians and military leaders. It was meant to guide Sudan towards democracy. This period was planned to end with new elections.

However, in October 2021, al-Burhan dissolved the Transitional Sovereignty Council. He then brought it back in November 2021, with some new members.

How Long Can a President Serve?

As of 2021, Sudan's rules say a president can only serve two terms. No president has reached this limit yet.

Titles of Sudan's Leaders Over Time

The title for Sudan's head of state has changed many times:

  • 1956–1958: Sovereignty Council (a group of leaders)
  • 1958–1964: Chairman of the Supreme Council
  • 1964          : President
  • 1964–1965: Committees of Sovereignty (another group of leaders)
  • 1965–1969: Chairman of the Sovereignty Council
  • 1969–1971: Chairman of the National Revolutionary Command Council
  • 1971–1985: President
  • 1985          : Commander-in-Chief
  • 1985–1986: Chairman of the Transitional Military Council
  • 1986–1989: Chairman of the Supreme Council
  • 1989–1993: Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation
  • 1993–2019: President
  • 2019          : Chairman of the Transitional Military Council
  • 2019–2021: Transitional Sovereignty Council
  • 2021          : Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces
  • 2021–present: Transitional Sovereignty Council

List of Sudan's Heads of State (1956–Present)

(Dates in italic mean the person or group was still in charge, even if the official title changed slightly.)

No. Picture Name
(Born–Died)
Elected Time in Office Political Group
Started Ended How Long

Republic of Sudan (1956–1969)

1 Coat of arms of Sudan (1956–1970) Sovereignty Council
1 January 1956 17 November 1958
(Removed from power)
2 years, 320 days Many parties
2 Ibrahim Abboud Ibrahim Abboud
(1900–1983)
17 November 1958 16 November 1964
(Resigned)
5 years, 365 days Military
Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa
(1919–2006)
Acting President
16 November 1964 3 December 1964 17 days National Umma Party
3 Coat of arms of Sudan (1956–1970) First Committee of Sovereignty
3 December 1964 10 June 1965 189 days Many parties
4 Second Committee of Sovereignty
10 June 1965 8 July 1965 28 days
5 Ismail al-Azhari Ismail al-Azhari
(1900–1969)
8 July 1965 25 May 1969
(Removed from power)
3 years, 321 days Democratic Unionist Party

Democratic Republic of Sudan (1969–1985)

6 Gaafar Nimeiry Gaafar Nimeiry
(1928–2009)
1971
1977
1983
25 May 1969 6 April 1985
(Removed from power)
15 years, 316 days Military /
Sudanese Socialist Union

Republic of Sudan (1985–2019)

7 Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab
(1934–2018)
6 April 1985 6 May 1986 1 year, 30 days Military
8 Ahmed al-Mirghani Ahmed al-Mirghani
(1941–2008)
6 May 1986 30 June 1989
(Removed from power)
3 years, 55 days Democratic Unionist Party
9 Omar al-Bashir Omar al-Bashir
(born 1944)
1996
2000
2010
2015
30 June 1989 11 April 2019
(Removed from power)
29 years, 285 days Military /
National Congress Party

Transitional Period (2019–Present)

10 Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf
(born c. 1956)
11 April 2019 12 April 2019
(Resigned)
1 day Military /
National Congress Party
11 Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Abdel Fattah al-Burhan
(born 1960)
12 April 2019 21 August 2019 6 years, 112 days Military
TSC Chairman 21 August 2019 25 October 2021 Military / FFC / TMC
25 October 2021 11 November 2021 Military
TSC Chairman 11 November 2021 Incumbent

Timeline of Leaders

Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf Omar al-Bashir Ahmed al-Mirghani Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab Hashem al Atta Gaafar Nimeiry Ismail al-Azhari Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa Ibrahim Abboud

More to Explore

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Anexo:Jefes de Estado de Sudán para niños

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List of heads of state of Sudan Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.