List of heads of state of Sudan facts for kids
Quick facts for kids President of the Republic of the Sudan |
|
---|---|
![]() |
|
![]() Emblem of Sudan
|
|
Incumbent
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council since 11 November 2021 |
|
Executive branch of the Sudanese Government Head of state of the Republic of the Sudan |
|
Residence | Republican Palace, Khartoum |
Formation | 17 November 1958 |
First holder | Five-member Sovereignty Council (collective presidency) |
Salary | 29,320 USD annually |
This article tells you about the leaders of Sudan since it became an independent country in 1956. These leaders are called the "heads of state."
Contents
Sudan's Leaders: A Quick Look
Sudan became independent on January 1, 1956. Since then, many different people and groups have led the country. The main leader is now called the President of the Republic of the Sudan.
Before 1956, Sudan was ruled by both Egypt and the United Kingdom. This shared rule was like a partnership. When Sudan became independent, a group of five people, called the Sovereignty Council, took charge. This was because different groups couldn't agree on one single leader.
In November 1958, General Ibrahim Abboud took control in a military takeover. He became the head of state. He later became president in 1964 but resigned that same year. People were not happy with the military's rule. After him, a civil servant named Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa was acting president for a short time. Then, another group, the Committee of Sovereignty, took over.
Ismail al-Azhari became president in July 1965. He had limited power. In 1969, military officers took over again. They formed a new council led by Jaafar Nimeiry. Nimeiry became president in 1971. He created a system where only one political party was allowed.
In 1985, military officers removed Nimeiry from power. They formed the 1985 Transitional Military Council. Field Marshal Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab led this group. After that, Ahmed al-Mirghani became Chairman of the Supreme Council in 1986. He was removed in 1989 by Lieutenant-General Omar al-Bashir.
Al-Bashir led Sudan for almost 30 years. He was head of state from 1989 to 1993. Then he was president from 1993 to 2019.
Recent Changes in Leadership
In April 2019, Omar al-Bashir was removed from power by the Sudanese Armed Forces. This happened during the Sudanese revolution. Lieutenant-General Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf took control briefly. He then resigned, and Lieutenant-General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan took his place.
The military council was replaced by the Transitional Sovereignty Council in August 2019. This council had 11 members, both civilians and military leaders. It was meant to guide Sudan towards democracy. This period was planned to end with new elections.
However, in October 2021, al-Burhan dissolved the Transitional Sovereignty Council. He then brought it back in November 2021, with some new members.
How Long Can a President Serve?
As of 2021, Sudan's rules say a president can only serve two terms. No president has reached this limit yet.
Titles of Sudan's Leaders Over Time
The title for Sudan's head of state has changed many times:
- 1956–1958: Sovereignty Council (a group of leaders)
- 1958–1964: Chairman of the Supreme Council
- 1964 : President
- 1964–1965: Committees of Sovereignty (another group of leaders)
- 1965–1969: Chairman of the Sovereignty Council
- 1969–1971: Chairman of the National Revolutionary Command Council
- 1971–1985: President
- 1985 : Commander-in-Chief
- 1985–1986: Chairman of the Transitional Military Council
- 1986–1989: Chairman of the Supreme Council
- 1989–1993: Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation
- 1993–2019: President
- 2019 : Chairman of the Transitional Military Council
- 2019–2021: Transitional Sovereignty Council
- 2021 : Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces
- 2021–present: Transitional Sovereignty Council
List of Sudan's Heads of State (1956–Present)
(Dates in italic mean the person or group was still in charge, even if the official title changed slightly.)
No. | Picture | Name (Born–Died) |
Elected | Time in Office | Political Group | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Started | Ended | How Long | |||||
Republic of Sudan (1956–1969) |
|||||||
1 | ![]() |
Sovereignty Council |
— | 1 January 1956 | 17 November 1958 (Removed from power) |
2 years, 320 days | Many parties |
2 | ![]() |
Ibrahim Abboud (1900–1983) |
— | 17 November 1958 | 16 November 1964 (Resigned) |
5 years, 365 days | Military |
— | ![]() |
Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa (1919–2006) Acting President |
— | 16 November 1964 | 3 December 1964 | 17 days | National Umma Party |
3 | ![]() |
First Committee of Sovereignty |
— | 3 December 1964 | 10 June 1965 | 189 days | Many parties |
4 | Second Committee of Sovereignty |
10 June 1965 | 8 July 1965 | 28 days | |||
5 | ![]() |
Ismail al-Azhari (1900–1969) |
— | 8 July 1965 | 25 May 1969 (Removed from power) |
3 years, 321 days | Democratic Unionist Party |
Democratic Republic of Sudan (1969–1985) |
|||||||
6 | ![]() |
Gaafar Nimeiry (1928–2009) |
1971 1977 1983 |
25 May 1969 | 6 April 1985 (Removed from power) |
15 years, 316 days | Military / Sudanese Socialist Union |
Republic of Sudan (1985–2019) |
|||||||
7 | ![]() |
Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab (1934–2018) |
— | 6 April 1985 | 6 May 1986 | 1 year, 30 days | Military |
8 | ![]() |
Ahmed al-Mirghani (1941–2008) |
— | 6 May 1986 | 30 June 1989 (Removed from power) |
3 years, 55 days | Democratic Unionist Party |
9 | ![]() |
Omar al-Bashir (born 1944) |
1996 2000 2010 2015 |
30 June 1989 | 11 April 2019 (Removed from power) |
29 years, 285 days | Military / National Congress Party |
Transitional Period (2019–Present) |
|||||||
10 | Ahmed Awad Ibn Auf (born c. 1956) |
— | 11 April 2019 | 12 April 2019 (Resigned) |
1 day | Military / National Congress Party |
|
11 | ![]() |
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (born 1960) |
— | 12 April 2019 | 21 August 2019 | 6 years, 112 days | Military |
TSC Chairman | 21 August 2019 | 25 October 2021 | Military / FFC / TMC | ||||
— | 25 October 2021 | 11 November 2021 | Military | ||||
TSC Chairman | 11 November 2021 | Incumbent |
Timeline of Leaders

More to Explore
- Politics of Sudan
- History of Sudan
- List of heads of government of Sudan
See also
In Spanish: Anexo:Jefes de Estado de Sudán para niños