Rauf Orbay facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Hüseyin Rauf Orbay
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| 3rd Prime Minister of the Government of the Grand National Assembly | |
| In office 12 July 1922 – 4 August 1923 |
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| Preceded by | Fevzi Çakmak |
| Succeeded by | Ali Fethi Okyar |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Hüseyin Rauf
27 July 1881 Istanbul, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | 16 July 1964 (aged 82) Istanbul, Turkey |
| Political party | Progressive Republican Party (1923–1924) |
| Alma mater | Turkish Naval Academy |
| Awards | Medal of Independence |
| Signature |  |
| Nickname | Hero of Hamidiye |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Ottoman Empire |
| Branch/service | Ottoman Navy |
| Years of service | 1895–1918 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Commands | Ottoman cruiser Hamidiye |
| Battles/wars | Balkan Wars World War I |
Hüseyin Rauf Orbay (born July 27, 1881, died July 16, 1964) was an important Turkish leader. He was a naval officer, a politician, and a diplomat. He came from an Abkhazian family. He served as the Prime Minister of Turkey from July 1922 to August 1923. This was during the Turkish War of Independence. He also helped start the Progressive Republican Party.
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Who Was Hüseyin Rauf Orbay?
Hüseyin Rauf was born in Constantinople (now Istanbul) in 1881. He joined the Ottoman Navy and became a brave officer.
Hero of Hamidiye
He became famous as the captain of the cruiser Hamidiye. This was during the First Balkan War. His actions earned him the nickname Hero of Hamidiye.
During World War I, he was the Chief of Naval Staff. He led Ottoman forces in the Gallipoli campaign. By October 1918, he was the Minister of Marine. He led the group that signed the Armistice of Mudros. This agreement ended the Ottoman Empire's part in World War I.
Role in the Turkish War of Independence
When the Turkish War of Independence began, Rauf Orbay left his position. He went to Ankara to work with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. He was chosen to be part of the representative committee. This happened at the Congress of Erzurum in July 1919.
He also joined the Congress of Sivas in September 1919. There, he was elected as the deputy chairman.
Becoming Prime Minister
After the War of Independence ended, he became the first Prime Minister. This was for the new provisional Government of the Grand National Assembly. He took office on August 11, 1922.
In 1924, he helped create the Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası. This was the Progressive Republican Party. Atatürk wanted to start a tradition of having more than one political party in Turkey. This new party was meant to be an opposition to Atatürk's own party.
Later Life and Diplomacy
The Progressive Republican Party was later closed down. Rauf Orbay then lived in Europe for 10 years. Later, he was cleared of all accusations. He returned to Turkey and became a member of the Turkish parliament.
During World War II, Rauf Orbay served as the Turkish ambassador in London. He played a key role in helping Turkey stay out of the war. He always believed in the Republic of Turkey. He often said that Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was the only person who could have led the Ottoman Empire to become modern Turkey.
Images for kids
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Rauf Orbay as the captain of the cruiser Hamidiye
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Bust of Rauf Orbay in the Istanbul Naval Museum
