Thomas Lawson (military physician) facts for kids
Thomas Lawson (born August 29, 1789 – died May 15, 1861) was an American doctor. He worked as the Surgeon General of the United States Army for more than 24 years. This important role meant he was in charge of all military doctors and health services.
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The Early Life of Thomas Lawson
Thomas Lawson was born in Princess Anne County, Virginia, in 1789. We don't know much about his early schooling. It is thought he learned medicine by training with local doctors.
In March 1809, he joined the United States Navy. He worked as a surgeon's mate, helping the main doctor. After two years, he left the Navy. He then joined the Army as a garrison surgeon's mate. This meant he worked at a military fort.
Lawson's Service in Early Wars
Lawson served during the War of 1812. He was promoted to be the doctor for the 6th Infantry on May 21, 1813. In May 1815, he became the doctor for the 7th Infantry. He was seen as a senior medical officer.
During his time with the 6th Infantry, he led a group of medical examiners. This group gave health checks to soldiers. These checks were for joining the army and for promotions.
Lawson also worked as a medical director. This was at Fort Mitchell, Alabama. Many soldiers were gathered there for the Seminole Wars.
Becoming Surgeon General
In 1836, the Surgeon General, Joseph Lovell, passed away. Some people wanted a civilian doctor for the job. However, the army strongly supported Lawson. President Andrew Jackson chose Lawson for the role. He was appointed on November 30, 1836.
After the Seminole War, there wasn't much for the Surgeon General to do. Still, Lawson worked hard to make big changes. He improved the military's medical department.
Key Improvements Under Lawson
Lawson made several important changes. These included:
- More doctors and medical staff were hired.
- New uniforms were designed for medical officers.
- Doctors were given military ranks.
- Their pay was increased.
During the Mexican–American War, Lawson traveled with General Winfield Scott. He went from Vera Cruz to Mexico City. Lawson acted as a medical advisor, helping with health plans for the troops.
He also oversaw the publishing of the first three books of Army Medical Statistics. These books contained important health information about the army. In May 1848, Lawson received a special promotion. He became a brevet brigadier general. This was an honorary rank.
The End of a Long Career
When the American Civil War began, Lawson was 72 years old. He was not in good health. The medical team for the Union Army was small. It had only 30 main doctors and 83 assistant doctors.
On May 15, 1861, Thomas Lawson became very ill. He died in Norfolk, Virginia.
