True Cross facts Kids Encyclopedia Facts

Christ crucified, painted by Giotto, circa 1310.

For detailed information regarding the Crucifixion itself, see Crucifixion of Jesus.

The True Cross is the name given to parts which are believed to be from the actual cross upon which Jesus was crucified.

Empress Helena (c.250–c.330 AD) was the mother of Constantine, the first Christian Emperor of Rome. Christianity was legalised through the Roman Empire in 312. According to the early writers, like Socrates Scolaticus, Helena travelled to the Holy Land, founding churches and establishing relief agencies for the poor. She is said to have discovered the resting place of the three crosses used at the crucifixion of Jesus and the two thieves - Dismas and Gestas - who were executed with him. Through a miracle it was revealed which of the three was the True Cross.

Many churches have fragmentary remains which are by tradition alleged to be those of the True Cross. Their authenticity is not accepted by all those of the Christian faith. Many Christians question the accuracy of the reports surrounding the discovery of the True Cross. The acceptance and belief of that part of the tradition that pertains to the Early Christian Church is generally restricted to the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. The Medieval legends where it came from are not the same in Catholic and Orthodox tradition. These churches honour Helena as a saint, as does also the Anglican Communion.

Some Christians believe that wood from the true cross has miraculous healing powers. During the Middle Ages people made pilgrimages to churches and shrines where pieces of the cross were kept, and touched the wood in the hope of being cured of a sickness or infirmity.

Images

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  The Queen of Sheba venerates the wood from which the Cross will be made (fresco by Piero della Francesca in San Francesco, Arezzo).

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  The Finding of the True Cross, Agnolo Gaddi, Florence, 1380

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  The proving of the True Cross, Jean Colombe in the Très Riches Heures

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  Reliquary of the True Cross at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem

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  An enamelled silver reliquary of the True Cross from Constantinople, c. 800

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  One of the largest purported fragments of the True Cross is at Santo Toribio de Liébana in Spain (photo by F. J. Díez Martín)

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  A "Kreuzpartikel" or fragment of True Cross in the Schatzkammer (Vienna)

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  Fragments of True Cross in Serbian Monastery of Visoki Dečani

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  A relic of the True Cross being carried in procession through the Piazza San Marco, Venice. Gentile Bellini 15th century.

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  Reliquary of the True Cross at Notre Dame de Paris

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  Base of reliquary of the True Cross and nail of the crucifixion. Notre Dame de Paris.

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  Reliquary of the True Cross and a nail of the crucifixion. Notre Dame de Paris.

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  Fragment, treasury of the former Premonstratensian Abbey in Rüti in Switzerland

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  True Cross at Visoki Dečani, Serbia