Urbano Rattazzi facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Urbano Rattazzi
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| Prime Minister of Italy | |
| In office 10 April 1867 – 27 October 1867 |
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| Monarch | Victor Emmanuel II |
| Preceded by | Bettino Ricasoli |
| Succeeded by | Luigi Federico Menabrea |
| In office 3 March 1862 – 8 December 1862 |
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| Monarch | Victor Emmanuel II |
| Preceded by | Bettino Ricasoli |
| Succeeded by | Luigi Carlo Farini |
| President of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 18 February 1861 – 3 March 1862 |
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| Monarch | Victor Emmanuel II |
| Preceded by | Giovanni Lanza |
| Succeeded by | Sebastiano Tecchio |
| In office 10 January 1859 – 21 January 1860 |
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| Monarch | Victor Emmanuel II |
| Preceded by | Carlo Bon Compagni |
| Succeeded by | Giovanni Lanza |
| In office 11 May 1852 – 27 October 1853 |
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| Monarch | Victor Emmanuel II |
| Preceded by | Pier Dionigi Pinelli |
| Succeeded by | Carlo Bon Compagni |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 18 February 1861 – 5 June 1873 |
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| Constituency | Alessandria (1st) Tortona (2nd) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 20 June 1808 Alessandria, French Empire |
| Died | 5 June 1873 (aged 64) Frosinone, Kingdom of Italy |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Political party | Historical Left |
| Spouses |
Marie Bonaparte-Wyse
(m. 1863–1873) |
| Children | Romana Rattazzi |
| Alma mater | University of Turin |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Signature |  |
Urbano Pio Francesco Rattazzi (born June 29, 1808 – died June 5, 1873) was an important Italian politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Italy two times. He played a key role in forming the modern country of Italy.
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Early Life and Family
Urbano Rattazzi was born in Alessandria, a city in Piedmont, Italy. He studied law at the University of Turin. After finishing his studies, he became a successful lawyer in 1838.
In 1863, he married Laetitia Marie Wyse Bonaparte. She was a well-known French writer. Interestingly, she was also a grandniece of the famous Emperor Napoleon I. Urbano and Laetitia had one daughter together, named Romana Rattazzi.
His Political Journey
Urbano Rattazzi began his political career in 1848. He was chosen to represent his hometown in the Sardinian parliament in Turin. He joined the Liberal party, which was also known as the Democrats.
Early Government Roles
Rattazzi was a skilled debater. He helped to bring down the government led by Cesare Balbo. In August 1848, he briefly became the Minister of Public Instruction. Later, in December, he served as the Italian Minister of the Interior in the cabinet of Vincenzo Gioberti.
When Gioberti's government fell in February 1849, Rattazzi was asked to form a new government. However, after a military defeat at Novara, he had to resign in March 1849.
Working with Cavour
After these events, Rattazzi changed his political group. He moved from the Democrats to the Moderate Liberals. He then formed a new group called the "center-left." This group joined forces with the "center-right," led by Cavour. This partnership was known as the connubio, meaning a "union." It brought together moderate politicians from different sides.
This union led to the fall of the d'Azeglio government in November 1852. Cavour then formed a new government. Rattazzi became the President of the Parliament in 1853. Later, he served as the Italian Minister of Justice and then again as the Minister of the Interior.
As Minister of the Interior, Rattazzi introduced several important changes. He worked to reduce the power of some religious groups. He also helped to make some church property public. These actions caused strong disagreements with the Clerical party, who supported the church.
Later Political Career
Rattazzi resigned from office in 1858. However, he returned to the government in 1859 as Minister of the Interior. This time, he served under La Marmora.
In January 1860, he resigned again. This was because he disagreed with the decision to give Nice and Savoy to France. He later changed his mind about this policy.
Rattazzi became the president of the lower house in the first Italian Parliament. In March 1862, he took over from Bettino Ricasoli as the head of the government. He also held the roles of Foreign Affairs Minister and Interior Minister at the same time.
However, his actions against the famous Italian general Giuseppe Garibaldi at Aspromonte caused public anger. This led to his resignation in December 1862.
Rattazzi became Prime Minister again in 1867, serving from April to October. Once more, public opinion turned against him due to his actions concerning Garibaldi. This forced him to leave office again.
Urbano Rattazzi passed away in Frosinone on June 5, 1873.
See also
In Spanish: Urbano Rattazzi para niños
