Anion facts for kids
Anions are atoms or groups of atoms that have gained electrons. Because they now have more electrons than protons, anions have a negative charge. Think of them like tiny magnets with a negative side!
An ion is simply an atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge. Anions are one type of ion. The other type is called a Cation, which has a positive charge. In many crystals, anions are often larger than cations, and the smaller cations fit into the spaces around them.
Anions get their name because they are attracted to the anode, which is the positive electrode in an electrical system. It's like how opposite ends of a magnet pull towards each other!
Anions also tend to accept a proton (H+). Because of this, they are known as bases in chemistry.
What are Some Examples of Anions?
Some common examples of anions include chloride ions (Cl-), bromide ions (Br-), and iodide ions (I-). These are called monovalent anions. This means they can combine with just one hydrogen ion.
You can also find bivalent anions, which can combine with two hydrogen ions, and so on. The "valency" tells you how many other atoms or ions they can easily connect with.
Images for kids
-
Schematic of an ion chamber, showing drift of ions. Electrons drift faster than positive ions due to their much smaller mass.
See also
In Spanish: Anión para niños
