Barren Island, Brooklyn facts for kids

Quick facts for kids
Barren Island
	View of Barren Island from Dead Horse Bay
Etymology	Dutch for "Bears' Island"
Geography
Location	Jamaica Bay
Archipelago	Outer Barrier
Administration
	United States
State	New York
City	New York City
Borough	Brooklyn
Demographics
Population	1,500 (1930s)
Additional information
Time zone	Eastern (UTC−05:00);
• Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC−04:00);

Barren Island is a peninsula and former island on the southeast shore of Brooklyn in New York City. Located on Jamaica Bay, it was geographically part of the Outer Barrier island group on the South Shore of Long Island. The island was occupied by the Lenape Native Americans prior to the arrival of Dutch settlers in the 17th century. Its name is a corruption of Beeren Eylandt, the Dutch-language term for "Bears' Island".

Barren Island remained sparsely inhabited before the 19th century, mainly because of its relative isolation from the rest of the city. Starting in the 1850s, the island was developed as an industrial complex with fish rendering plants and other industries, and also as an ethnically diverse community of up to 1,500 residents. Between the mid-19th century and 1934, the island housed industrial plants that processed the carcasses of the city's dead horses, converting them into a variety of industrial products. This activity led to the still-extant waterbody on the island's western shore becoming nicknamed "Dead Horse Bay". A garbage incinerator, which became the subject of numerous complaints because of its odor, operated on the island from the 1890s to 1921.

The Barren Island community became known as South Flatlands during its final years. By the 1920s, most of the industrial activity had tapered off, and landfill was used to unite the island with the rest of Brooklyn. While most residents were evicted in the late 1920s for the construction of Floyd Bennett Field, some were permitted to stay until 1942, when the airfield was expanded as a wartime base of the United States Navy. No trace remains of the former island's industrial use. Since 1972, Floyd Bennett Field has been part of the Gateway National Recreation Area, managed by the National Park Service.

Images for kids

Map of the Gateway National Recreation Area's Jamaica Bay unit; Barren Island was located near where Floyd Bennett Field is now
A 1916 diagram of Barren Island, showing the inlets on the island prior to the 1920s filling operations
Map of Wards 31 and 32 in 1920, showing Barren Island under "Sections 38 and 39"
The decommissioned Floyd Bennett Field, located on the former Barren Island site