Democratic Republic of Armenia facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Democratic Republic of Armenia
Դեմոկրատական Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն
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| 1918–1920 | |||||||||
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Motto: None
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Anthem: Mer Hayrenik
("Our Fatherland") |
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| Capital | Yerevan | ||||||||
| Common languages | Armenian | ||||||||
| Government | Republic | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
| Chairman of the Parliament | |||||||||
| Historical era | Interwar period | ||||||||
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• Independence
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28 May 1918 | ||||||||
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• Soviet invasion
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29 November 1920 | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
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• 1918
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c. 3,000,000 + | ||||||||
| Currency | Armenian ruble | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | AM | ||||||||
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The Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA; Armenian: Դեմոկրատական Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն, Demokratakan Hayastani Hanrapetutyun; also known as the First Republic of Armenia), 1918–1920, was the first modern establishment of an Armenian republic. The country was created after the Russian Tsarist empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917 that lost power. Its creation with borders were the Democratic Republic of Georgia in the north, the Ottoman Empire to the west, the Persian Empire to the south, and Azerbaijan Democratic Republic to the east.
End of the Republic, 1920
Armenia gave way to communist power in late 1920. In September 1920, the Turkish revolutionaries moved in on the capital. First an armistice was concluded, on November 18, and then a full peace treaty - Treaty of Alexandropol on 2nd and/or 3rd of December 1920.
During that time, the Soviet 11th Red Army invasion started on the 29th of November 1920. The actual transfer of power took place on December 2 in Yerevan. Armenian leadership approved a ultimatum, presented to it by the Soviet plenipotentiary Boris Legran - who was at work as one of major Russian diplomats on Caucasus at that time. Armenia decided to join the Soviet sphere, while the Soviet Russia agreed to protect its remaining territory from the advancing Turkish army. Soviets also pledged to take steps to rebuild the army, protect the Armenians, not to pursue non-communist Armenians. None of these promises were kept.
On December 4, 1920, the Red Army entered Yerevan, the government of Armenian Republic effectively stopped working. On December 5, the Armenian Revolutionary Committee (Revkom; made up of mostly Armenians from Azerbaijan) also entered the city. Finally, on the following day, December 6, Felix Dzerzhinsky's dreaded secret police, the Cheka, entered Yerevan, thus effectively ending the existence of the Democratic Republic of Armenia. The rest of Armenia was under control of the communist government. The part by Turkey remained for the most part theirs - by the subsequent Treaty of Kars. Soon, the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed, under the leadership of Aleksandr Miasnikyan. It was to be included into the newly created Transcaucasian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic.
Other pages
Images for kids
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Armenian Army 1918
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Celebration in Armenia 1918
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Armenian parade 14 April 1920
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Members of the Second Cabinet, 1 October 1919. Left to right: A. Sahakian, Alexander Khatisian, General C. Araratian, Nikol Aghbalian, A. Gulkandanian, S. Araradian.
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The Government building in Yerevan
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A delegation of five hundred Armenian World War I veterans in Washington, D.C., April 1920
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The Turkish-Armenian border by the Treaty of Sèvres.
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Members of the Soviet 11th Red Army marching down Yerevan's Abovyan Boulevard, effectively ending Armenian self-rule.
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Russian occupied area of Turkish Armenia in 1917, a year before creation of the Republic and the collapse of the Russo-Armenian counter offensive.
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Europe in 1912 and 1918.
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Europe in 1919.
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Claims presented by the Republic of Armenia at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919.
See also
In Spanish: República Democrática de Armenia para niños
