Elias Wright facts for kids

Elias Wright (born June 22, 1830 – died January 2, 1901) was an important officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He played a role in leading soldiers, especially those in the United States Colored Infantry.

Early Life and Career

Elias Wright was born in a town called Durham, New York on June 22, 1830. Before the war, he worked as a surveyor and a civil engineer. This means he helped measure land and design things like roads or buildings.

Joining the Civil War

Wright began his military journey on August 19, 1861. He joined the 4th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Regiment as a second lieutenant. This was a starting officer rank.

He quickly moved up the ranks. On January 31, 1862, he became a first lieutenant. Later, on December 29, 1862, he was promoted to captain.

During the war, he was captured by the enemy at the Battle of Gaines's Mill on June 27, 1862. Luckily, he was later exchanged, meaning he was traded back for another soldier.

Rising Through the Ranks

Elias Wright continued to advance in his military career. On June 25, 1863, he became a major in the 1st United States Colored Infantry. This was a very important role, as he was now leading African American soldiers. He was promoted again to lieutenant colonel on April 29, 1864.

His leadership skills were recognized, and on August 15, 1864, he became a colonel of the 10th United States Colored Infantry. As a colonel, he was in charge of a large group of soldiers.

Wright often commanded different brigades, which are smaller groups of soldiers within a larger army. He led parts of the XVIII Corps (Union Army) and the XXV Corps (Union Army) in the Army of the James. He also commanded a brigade in the X Corps (Union Army) (Terry's Provisional Corps) in the Department of North Carolina.

Becoming a General

For his brave service and leadership, President Abraham Lincoln wanted to honor Elias Wright. On February 15, 1865, President Lincoln nominated him for an honorary rank. This rank was brevet brigadier general, which means he was given the title of general for his achievements, even if he didn't always command a full general's unit.

The United States Senate agreed with President Lincoln's nomination. They confirmed his appointment on March 3, 1865. This meant he officially held the honorary rank of brigadier general from January 15, 1865.

Life After the War

Elias Wright officially left the army on June 17, 1865, after the Civil War ended. He returned to his earlier profession. He worked as a civil engineer and a land agent in Atlantic City, New Jersey.

Elias Wright passed away in Atlantic City on January 2, 1901. He was laid to rest at Greenwood Cemetery in Pleasantville, New Jersey.