Félix Gouin facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Felix Gouin
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| Chair of the Provisional Government of the French Republic | |
| In office 26 January 1946 – 24 June 1946 |
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| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Deputy | Maurice Thorez Francisque Gay |
| Preceded by | Charles de Gaulle |
| Succeeded by | Georges Bidault |
| Prime Minister of France | |
| In office 26 January 1946 – 24 June 1946 |
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| President | Himself |
| Preceded by | Charles de Gaulle |
| Succeeded by | Georges Bidault |
| President of the Constituent National Assembly | |
| In office 8 November 1945 – 22 January 1946 |
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| President | Charles de Gaulle |
| Preceded by | Himself (as President of the Consultative Assembly) |
| Succeeded by | Vincent Auriol |
| President of the Consultative Assembly | |
| In office 9 November 1943 – 8 November 1945 |
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| Preceded by | Édouard Herriot (as President of the National Assembly) (in 1940) |
| Succeeded by | Himself (as president of the national assembly) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 October 1884 Peypin, France |
| Died | 25 October 1977 (aged 93) Nice, France |
| Political party | Socialist |
| Other political affiliations |
SFIO |
| Signature | .png){kind=small} |
Félix Gouin (born 4 October 1884 – died 25 October 1977) was an important French Socialist politician. He was a member of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) party.
Early Life and World War II
Félix Gouin was born in Peypin, France. His parents were both school teachers. He later studied law in a city called Aix-en-Provence.
In 1940, during World War II, France was facing a difficult time. Félix Gouin was one of the few politicians who bravely refused to give full power to Marshal Philippe Pétain. This was a very important decision.
During the war, he also joined groups that worked against the occupation. He helped restart the Human Rights League. He also helped create the Brutus Network. This was a secret Socialist Resistance group that fought against the occupation.
Leading France After the War
In 1946, Félix Gouin became the head of the French Provisional Government. He took over from Charles de Gaulle. His time as leader was very important for France.
During his leadership, France introduced its first ever laws for retirement and worker's compensation. These laws made sure that people had money when they retired. They also helped workers who were injured on the job.
He also brought back the 40-hour work week. This meant people worked fewer hours. Overtime pay was also re-established. This meant workers got extra money for working more hours.
Works councils, called comites d'entreprise, were also expanded. These councils allowed workers to have a say in how their workplaces were run. They were now in companies with 50 or more workers.
In April 1946, a new law was passed. It changed the legal status of France's four oldest colonies. These were Reunion, Guyane, Martinique, and Guadeloupe. They were no longer seen as just colonies.
Gouin's government also made big changes to the French economy. They took control of important industries. These included electricity, gas, and coal. Nine major insurance companies were also brought under state control. This is called nationalization.
Honours and Awards
Félix Gouin received several high honours for his service to France.
- He was awarded the Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur. This is one of France's highest awards.
- He also received the Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria.
Images for kids
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Félix Gouin's signature.
See also
In Spanish: Félix Gouin para niños
