Grand Duchy of Hesse facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine
Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein
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| 1806–1918 | |||||||||
 Flag
 Coat of arms
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.svg)
Grand Ducal Hesse within the German Empire
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| Capital | Darmstadt | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Grand Duke | |||||||||
| Louis I | |||||||||
| Louis II | |||||||||
| Louis III | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
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• Established
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13 August 1806 1806 | ||||||||
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• German Revolution
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9 November 1918 1918 | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 1910 | 7,688.36 km2 (2,968.49 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
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• 1910
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1282051 | ||||||||
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The Grand Duchy of Hesse (in German: Großherzogtum Hessen) was a country that existed in what is now Germany. It was created in 1806 by Napoleon. Before this, it was a smaller state called the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt. Because of this, people sometimes called it Hesse-Darmstadt. It was a grand duchy, which is a type of monarchy ruled by a Grand Duke.
History of Hesse
The Grand Duchy of Hesse was part of a group of German states called the Confederation of the Rhine. This group was allied with Napoleon. After Napoleon's defeat, European leaders met at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. Hesse-Darmstadt had to give up a lot of its land.
Changes After Napoleon
The land called the Duchy of Westphalia was given to the Kingdom of Prussia. However, Hesse-Darmstadt gained some new land. This new land was on the western side of the Rhine river. It included an important fortress city called Mainz.
In 1816, the Grand Duchy changed its name. It became known as the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine.
Parts of Hesse
The Grand Duchy of Hesse was divided into three main areas, like provinces:
- Starkenburg: Its capital city was Darmstadt. This area was on the right bank of the Rhine river, south of the Main river.
- Rhenish Hesse: Its capital city was Mainz. This area was on the left bank of the Rhine river. It was the land gained from the Congress of Vienna.
- Upper Hesse: Its capital city was Giessen. This area was north of the Main river. It was separated from Starkenburg by the Free City of Frankfurt. Frankfurt was later taken over by Prussia in 1866.
See also
In Spanish: Hesse-Darmstadt para niños
