Machine gun facts for kids
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A machine gun is a weapon that can fire one bullet after another as long as the trigger is pulled and there are bullets ready to fire. This is called automatic fire. A more general name for this type of weapon is an automatic weapon. Machine guns fire bullets delivered from a long chain of cartridges called an ammunition ('ammo') belt, or use spring-loaded boxes called magazines. Machine guns are usually divided into heavy-duty machine guns, light machine guns, and sub-machine guns.
Heavy machine guns (HMG) are placed on the ground, supported on a tripod, or on a vehicle. The vehicle would have a support for the gun with a rotating base or turret. Heavy machine guns often need two men to operate it, one to assist with loading ammunition, and one to aim and fire. It always takes two or more men to carry one. Famous examples include the M2 Browning machine gun, the MG42, the M1919 Browning, the M134 minigun, the Type 92 heavy machine gun, and the Maxim gun.
Light machine guns (LMG) are usually carried and fired by one man. Despite the name, an LMG is almost always rested on a bipod or a tripod while firing since the gun is normally too heavy to fire while standing, although some LMGs such as the Bren LMG and the BAR are light enough to be fired without a bipod or tripod when a sling is worn around the user. Famous examples include the Bren, the BAR, the SAW M249, the M240, the RPD, the RPK, the PK, and the M-60.
Submachine guns (SMG) are lighter weapons which fire less powerful bullets (usually pistol bullets). They are much easier to conceal and carry than the heavier versions. Submachine guns have handles (stocks), and are carried by individual soldiers or police officers. Famous examples include the Uzi, the Heckler & Koch MP5, the Thompson (a.k.a. Tommy gun), the MAC-10, the PPSh, and the MP-40.
Assault rifles have automatic capabilities but they are not called machine guns. They are used mainly in semi-automatic fire, and also normally fire lighter bullets than machine guns.
Many heavy machine guns, such as the Browning M2 .50 caliber machine gun, are exact enough to hit distant targets. During the Vietnam War, Carlos Hathcock shot at 7382 ft (2250 m) using a .50 caliber heavy machine gun with a telescopic sight.
Images for kids
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Top: IMI Negev Bottom: FN MAG (general purpose machine gun)
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Czechoslovak 7.62 mm Universal Machine gun Model 1959
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A .50 caliber M2 machine gun: John Browning's design has been one of the longest-serving and most successful machine gun designs
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A vehicle with a Sumitomo M2 heavy machine gun mounted at the rear
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DShK in the heavy role
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Direct impingement
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Gas piston
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Lewis gun reloading mechanism action
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Collection of old machine guns in the Međimurje County Museum (Čakovec, Croatia). From rear to front: Austro-Hungarian Schwarzlose M7/12, British Lewis, German MG 08.
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Detail of an 8-chambered matchlock revolver (Germany c. 1580)
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Replica Puckle Gun from Bucklers Hard Maritime Museum.
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A detachment of French infantry with 2 Saint-Etienne Model 1907 machine guns (c. b1914)
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A model of a typical entrenched German machine gunner in World War I. He is operating an MG 08, wearing a Stahlhelm and cuirass to protect him from shell fragments, and protected by rows of barbed wire and sandbags.
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British Vickers machine gun in action near Ovillers during the Battle of the Somme in 1916. The crew is wearing gas masks.
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Suomi M31 submachine with 70-round drum magazine attached, 20- and 50-round box magazines.
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MG 42 with retracted bipod
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This M60 machine gun is part of an XM2 armament subsystem; it is aimed and fired from the aircraft rather than directly
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See also
In Spanish: Ametralladora para niños
