Mesosaurus facts for kids
Quick facts for kids MesosaurusTemporal range: Permian 299 to 280 million years ago
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| Mesosaurus tenuidens | |
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†Mesosauria
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†Mesosauridae
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Mesosaurus is an extinct marine reptile from the early Permian of southern Africa and South America. It was one of the first known marine reptiles, and had many adaptations to a fully aquatic lifestyle.
It is sometimes considered an anapsid, but there is some disagreement about that. It is described by Benton as a 'parareptile', that is, a sauropsid.
Contents
Palaeobiology
Mesosaurus was one of the first reptiles to return to the water after early tetrapods came to land in the later Devonian.
It was around 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length, with webbed feet, a streamlined body, and a long tail that may have supported a fin. It probably propelled itself through the water with its long hind legs and flexible tail. Its body was also flexible and could easily move sideways, but it had heavily thickened ribs, which would have prevented it from twisting its body. Specimens show it was viviparous, bearing live young.
Mesosaurus had a small skull with long jaws. The nostrils were located at the top, allowing the creature to breathe with only the upper side of its head breaking the surface. Its teeth were suitable for catching small nektonic prey such as crustaceans.
Distribution
Mesosaurus was significant in providing evidence for the theory of continental drift, because its remains were found in southern Africa and eastern South America, two far away places. As Mesosaurus was a coastal animal, and therefore could not have crossed the Atlantic Ocean, this distribution indicated that the two continents used to be joined together.
Images for kids
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Fossil from Brazil
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Fossil in Milan
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Fossil in Louisiana
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Early reconstruction of the skeleton of M. brasiliensis showing many small teeth in the jaws (MacGregor, 1908).
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Fossil of unhatched juvenile or fetus of Mesosaurus tenuidens (FC-DPV 2504) from Uruguay
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Skeleton molds in whitish weathering shales of the Whitehill Formation, Keetmanshoop, Namibia
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Distribution of four Permian and Triassic fossil groups used as biogeographic evidence for continental drift, and land bridging. Location of Mesosaurus remains shown by green squares
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See also
In Spanish: Mesosaurus para niños
