Monosodium glutamate facts for kids
Monosodium glutamate (MSG), also known as sodium glutamate, is a special kind of salt made from glutamic acid. It is a chemical that helps make foods taste better. It works by making savory flavors stronger. Savory is a taste often described as meaty or brothy.
MSG is found naturally in many foods. It is especially common in foods with lots of protein, like meat, fish, and dairy products. It also has a special code number, E621, which you might see on food labels.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States says that MSG is "generally recognized as safe" to eat. However, the FDA also requires that MSG be clearly listed on the food label if it's added to a product.
What is MSG?
MSG is a type of salt that comes from an amino acid called glutamic acid. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. When glutamic acid is joined with sodium, it forms monosodium glutamate.
This chemical is often used as a flavor enhancer. This means it helps to improve or boost the natural taste of foods. It is especially good at making savory, or umami, flavors stand out more.
How MSG Makes Food Taste Better
MSG works by making the umami taste stronger. Umami is one of the five basic tastes, along with sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. It's often described as a savory, meaty, or brothy flavor.
When MSG is added to food, it activates special taste receptors on your tongue. These receptors tell your brain that the food has a rich, savory flavor. This makes the food taste more delicious and satisfying.
Where is MSG Found?
MSG is found naturally in many foods that we eat every day. Foods that are rich in protein often contain natural glutamates, which are similar to MSG. Some examples include:
- Meats: Like beef, chicken, and pork.
- Fish: Many types of fish and seafood.
- Dairy products: Such as cheese (especially aged cheeses like Parmesan) and milk.
- Vegetables: Like tomatoes, mushrooms, and seaweed.
- Fermented foods: Such as soy sauce and miso.
MSG is also added to many processed foods to improve their flavor. You might find it in soups, snack foods, instant noodles, and some fast food items.
Is MSG Safe to Eat?
Many health organizations around the world have studied MSG. They agree that it is safe for most people to eat in normal amounts. These organizations include:
- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States.
- The World Health Organization (WHO).
- The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
Some people have reported feeling symptoms like headaches or sweating after eating large amounts of MSG. However, scientific studies have not found a clear link between MSG and these symptoms in most people. If you think you are sensitive to MSG, it's always a good idea to check food labels and talk to an adult or doctor.
