Mughal Empire facts for kids
The Mughal Empire (pronounced Moo-gahl) was a powerful empire in Asia that lasted for over 300 years, from 1526 to 1858. It was called an empire because it covered a huge area. At its largest, it ruled most of the Indian subcontinent, which was then known as Hindustan. This included parts of modern-day India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.
The Mughal Empire was one of the world's biggest economies. It was known for its early steps towards industrial growth and its amazing, fancy buildings. The Mughal emperors were originally from a group called Turk-Mongols.
Contents
Founding the Empire
The Mughal Empire was started by Babur in 1526. He was from the Timurid dynasty. Babur ruled until 1530. He was a skilled warrior and a great leader.
Important Rulers
After Babur, several powerful emperors ruled the Mughal Empire:
- Humayun (1530-1540 and 1555-1556)
- Akbar (1556-1605) - He was known as "Akbar the Great" because he made the empire very strong and united.
- Jahangir (1605-1627)
- Shah Jahan (1628-1658) - He is famous for building the Taj Mahal.
- Aurangzeb (1658-1707)
After Aurangzeb's death, the empire started to become weaker. It continued to exist with smaller rulers until 1857-1858. By this time, much of India came under the control of the British Raj.
Mughal Achievements
The Mughal rulers were very good at uniting different parts of India. They brought many areas under one strong government.
Art and Architecture
During the Mughal period, art and architecture really grew and became famous. Many beautiful buildings and monuments were constructed. The rulers loved art and were also great warriors.
The Mughals left a lasting mark on India's society, culture, art, and buildings. Their monuments, artworks, and writings show a time of great wealth and creativity. For example, miniature paintings from that time teach us about the clothes and daily life of people.
Images for kids
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Akbar holds a religious assembly of different faiths in the Ibadat Khana in Fatehpur Sikri.
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Group portrait of Mughal rulers, from Babur to Aurangzeb, with the Mughal ancestor Timur seated in the middle. On the left: Shah Jahan, Akbar and Babur, with Abu Sa'id of Samarkand and Timur's son, Miran Shah. On the right: Aurangzeb, Jahangir and Humayun, and two of Timur's other offspring Umar Shaykh and Muhammad Sultan. Created c. 1707–12
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The remnants of the empire in 1751
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Horsemen of the invading Maratha Empire
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Shah Alam II on horseback
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Portrait of Bahadur Shah II
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Coin of Aurangzeb, minted in Kabul, dated 1691/2
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Miniature painting - Portrait of an Old Mughal Courtier Wearing Muslin
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Muslim Lady Reclining or An Indian Girl with a Hookah, painted in Dacca, 18th century
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Ruins of the Great Caravanserai in Dhaka.
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Ghulam Hamdani Mushafi, the poet first believed to have coined the name "Urdu" around 1780 AD for a language that went by a multiplicity of names before his time.
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Mir Taqi Mir, an Urdu poet of the 18th century Mughal Empire
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The Taj Mahal in the 1870s
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Badshahi Mosque, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Buland Darwaza in Fatehpur Sikiri, Agra, India
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Illustration by the 17th-century Mughal artist Ustad Mansur
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"Alexander Visits the Sage Plato in His Mountain Cave"; illustration by the 16th-century Indian artist Basawan, in a folio from a quintet of the 13th-century Indian poet Amir Khusrau Dihlavi
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Mughal matchlock rifle, 16th century.
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See also
In Spanish: Imperio mogol para niños
