Nambaryn Enkhbayar facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Nambaryn Enkhbayar
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| Намбарын Энхбаяр | |
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| 3rd President of Mongolia | |
| In office 24 June 2005 – 18 June 2009 |
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| Prime Minister | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj Miyeegombyn Enkhbold Sanjaagiin Bayar |
| Preceded by | Natsagiin Bagabandi |
| Succeeded by | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj |
| 21st Prime Minister of Mongolia | |
| In office 26 July 2000 – 20 August 2004 |
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| President | Natsagiin Bagabandi |
| Preceded by | Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal |
| Succeeded by | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj |
| Chairman of the State Great Khural | |
| In office August 2004 – June 2005 |
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| Preceded by | Sanjbegz Tömör-Ochir |
| Succeeded by | Tsendiin Nyamdorj |
| Chairman of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party | |
| In office 6 June 1997 – 22 November 2005 |
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| Preceded by | Natsagiin Bagabandi |
| Succeeded by | Miyeegombyn Enkhbold |
| General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Party | |
| In office 5 October 1996 – 7 February 1997 |
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| Preceded by | Büdragchaagiin Dash-Yondon |
| Succeeded by | Natsagiin Bagabandi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 June 1958 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| Political party | Mongolian People's Party (-2010), (2021–present) |
| Other political affiliations |
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (2010 – 2021) |
| Spouse | Onongiin Tsolmon |
| Children | 4, including Batshugar Enkhbayar |
| Alma mater | Maxim Gorky Literature Institute |
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Nambaryn Enkhbayar (Mongolian: Намбарын Энхбаяр; born 1 June 1958) is a well-known Mongolian politician. He has held some of the highest positions in the Mongolian government. He was the Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2000 to 2004. After that, he served as the Chairman of the State Great Khural (which is like the speaker of parliament) from 2004 to 2005. Finally, he became the President of Mongolia from 2005 to 2009.
Nambaryn Enkhbayar is special because he is the first person to have been the Prime Minister, Chairman of the State Great Khural, and President of Mongolia. He also led the Mongolian People's Party from 1997 to 2005. Later, he led the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party from 2010 to 2021. His oldest son, Batshugar Enkhbayar, is also a politician.
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Early Life and Schooling
Nambaryn Enkhbayar was born in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, on June 1, 1958. He finished high school in 1975. He then went to the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute in Moscow, Russia. In 1980, he earned a degree in literature and language studies.
He also studied English language and literature at Leeds University in the United Kingdom from 1985 to 1986. When he was young, he translated poems by the Mongolian poet Mend-Ooyo Gombojav into English. In 1990, Enkhbayar became the head of the Association of Mongolian Writers. He married Onongiin Tsolmon in 1987, and they have four children.
Starting His Political Journey
In 1992, Nambaryn Enkhbayar was chosen to be a member of the State Great Khural, which is Mongolia's parliament. At that time, he was part of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP). This party was the former communist party, and it won the first democratic elections in Mongolia.
Enkhbayar was made the Minister of Culture. He held this job until 1996. In 1996, the Democratic Party won the elections. Enkhbayar then became the secretary general of the MPRP. He led the MPRP group that was not in power in the Parliament. In 1997, he was chosen as the chairman of the MPRP.
Becoming Prime Minister
In 1999, Mongolia faced a very difficult time called a zud. This is when a dry summer and very cold winter blizzards cause a lot of problems. Many animals died, and there was not enough food. The government at the time did not handle the disaster well. This made the MPRP more popular.
In 2000, the MPRP won a huge victory in the parliamentary elections. They got 72 out of 76 seats. Because the MPRP controlled the parliament, Enkhbayar became the country's Prime Minister. As Prime Minister, he started a big project called the Millennium Road. This project aimed to build a road connecting Mongolia from east to west.
During his time as Prime Minister, Mongolia also managed to pay off its debt to the former Soviet Union. This was a very important step for Mongolia. It was the first time since the 1920s that Mongolia did not owe money to its northern neighbor. Mongolia's economy also grew a lot during this period. This was partly because the world learned about Mongolia's rich mineral resources.
Leading the Parliament
In 2004, the MPRP lost some power in the elections. The Motherland Democratic Coalition, which was a group of the Democratic Party and the Motherland Party, gained more seats. Neither group had a clear majority to form a government on their own.
So, a large coalition government was formed. In this new government, Enkhbayar became the Speaker of the Parliament. He served in this important role from 2004 to 2005.
Serving as President
Nambaryn Enkhbayar won the 2005 Mongolian presidential election and became the President of Mongolia. During his time as president, he welcomed U.S. President George W. Bush to Mongolia. This was the first time a U.S. president had visited the country.
Mongolia also received a large amount of aid, about US$285 million, from the United States' Millennium Challenge Compact (MCC). President George W. Bush and Enkhbayar signed this agreement in 2007.
In the 2009 Mongolian presidential election, Enkhbayar ran for re-election but was defeated. Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj of the Democratic Party won the election. Enkhbayar became the first Mongolian president to not win a second term.
Starting a New Political Party
In 2010, Enkhbayar decided to create a new political party. He named it the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. This party was allowed to use the old name of the Mongolian People's Party by the Supreme Court of Mongolia in 2011. Enkhbayar became the chairman of this new party.
Legal Challenges and Pardon
In 2012, Nambaryn Enkhbayar faced legal questions regarding some of his past actions. He was asked to answer questions about certain events. Later, in August 2012, a court found him responsible for misusing state properties and government power. He was given a prison term, which was later reduced by the highest court in Mongolia.
However, on August 1, 2013, the President of Mongolia, Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, issued a special order to pardon Enkhbayar. This meant he was released from the rest of his prison term on that date.
Other Interests
Besides his political career, Enkhbayar also enjoys other activities. On June 23, 2011, he climbed Khüiten Peak, which is the highest mountain in Mongolia. He climbed it with other mountaineers.
Enkhbayar is a follower of Tibetan Buddhism. He has also translated several Buddhist writings into the Mongolian language.
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See also
In Spanish: Nambaryn Enjbayar para niños
