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Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
Standard of the Prime Minister of SFR Yugoslavia.svg
Standard of the Prime Minister
(SFR Yugoslavia)
Josip Broz Tito uniform portrait.jpg
Longest serving
Josip Broz Tito

2 November 1944 – 29 June 1963
Government of Yugoslavia
Member of Parliament of Yugoslavia
Reports to King of Yugoslavia (Serbs, Croats and Slovenes) (1918–1945)
President of Yugoslavia (1945–1971)
Presidency of Yugoslavia (1971–1992)
Seat Belgrade, Serbia
Nominator King of Yugoslavia (Serbs, Croats and Slovenes) (1918–1945)
Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)
Appointer Parliament of Yugoslavia
Precursor Prime Minister of Serbia
President of the National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
Formation 1 December 1918
First holder Stojan Protić
Final holder Ante Marković
Abolished 14 July 1992
Deputy Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia

The Prime Minister of Yugoslavia was the main leader of the government in the country of Yugoslavia. This important role existed from when Yugoslavia was first created in 1918 until the country broke apart in 1992. The Prime Minister was in charge of running the government and making sure laws were followed.

History of the Prime Minister Role

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918-1941)

The country we know as Yugoslavia began on December 1, 1918. It was first called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. This new kingdom was formed by joining the Kingdom of Serbia with other areas that used to be part of Austria-Hungary.

At first, the Kingdom was a parliamentary monarchy. This means it had a king, but a parliament and a prime minister also shared power. However, on January 6, 1929, King Alexander I took full control. He stopped the parliament from meeting and ruled the country himself. This was called the 6 January Dictatorship.

On October 3, 1929, the country's name was changed to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Even though a new constitution was introduced in 1931, King Alexander I still ruled like an absolute monarch. He was assassinated in 1934. After his death, the country went back to being a parliamentary monarchy.

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was defeated and taken over by Germany on April 17, 1941, during World War II. The monarchy was officially ended, and a republic was declared on November 29, 1945.

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945-1992)

After Germany invaded Yugoslavia, a resistance group called the Yugoslav Partisans formed. In 1942, they created a council called AVNOJ. On November 29, 1943, AVNOJ declared the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia. They also named Josip Broz Tito as the Prime Minister of their new government, the NKOJ.

The Allies (countries fighting against Germany) soon recognized Tito. The royal government, which had gone into exile in London, was asked to join forces with Tito's government. For a short time, Yugoslavia had two recognized prime ministers: Josip Broz Tito in Yugoslavia and Ivan Šubašić leading the government-in-exile in London.

In 1944, Tito and Šubašić agreed to form one joint government, with Tito as the leader. This new government officially started on November 2, 1944, after Yugoslavia's capital, Belgrade, was freed.

After the war, Tito's political group, the People's Front, won the elections. The new parliament removed King Peter II from power on November 29, 1945. They then declared the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. In 1963, the country's name changed again to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

The government was led by a Prime Minister until January 14, 1953. After that, the government was reorganized into the Federal Executive Council. The person leading this council was called the "President," but many outside Yugoslavia still referred to them as "Prime Minister." Josip Broz Tito held this top position from 1944 to 1963. From 1953 onwards, he was also the President of the Republic.

Many of the heads of government during this period were of Croatian background. This included Josip Broz Tito, Mika Špiljak, Milka Planinc, Branko Mikulić, and Ante Marković.

List of Prime Ministers

     People's Radical Party      Democratic Party      Slovene People's Party      Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy / Yugoslav National Party      Yugoslav Radical Union      Croatian Peasant Party      Communist Party of Yugoslavia / League of Communists of Yugoslavia      Union of Reform Forces of Yugoslavia      Socialist Party of Serbia      Independent

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Ethnicity Term of office Political party Election Cabinet Notes
Took office Left office Time in office
In the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Nikola Pašić
Nikola Pašić
(1845–1926)
Acting
Serb 1 December 1918 22 December 1918 21 days NRS Pašić XII Acting prime minister, as the last prime minister of Serbia.
1
Stojan Protić
Stojan Protić
(1857–1923)
Serb 22 December 1918 16 August 1919 237 days NRS Protić I First Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (that will be renamed to "Yugoslavia").
2
Ljubomir Davidović
Ljubomir Davidović
(1863–1940)
Serb 16 August 1919 19 February 1920 187 days DS Davidović I .
(1)
Stojan Protić
Stojan Protić
(1857–1923)
Serb 19 February 1920 16 May 1920 87 days NRS Protić II .
3
Milenko Vesnić
Milenko Vesnić
(1863–1921)
Serb 16 May 1920 1 January 1921 230 days NRS 1920 Vesnić .
4
Nikola Pašić
Nikola Pašić
(1845–1926)
Serb 1 January 1921 28 July 1924 3 years, 209 days NRS 1923 Pašić XIII–XIV–XV–XVI–XVII–XVIII–XIX Second term.
Vidovdan Constitution adopted on June 28, 1921.
(2)
Ljubomir Davidović
Ljubomir Davidović
(1863–1940)
Serb 28 July 1924 6 November 1924 101 days DS Davidović II Second term
(4)
Nikola Pašić
Nikola Pašić
(1845–1926)
Serb 6 November 1924 8 April 1926 1 year, 153 days NRS 1925 Pašić XX–XXI–XXII Third term
5
Nikola Uzunović
Nikola Uzunović
(1873–1954)
Serb 8 April 1926 17 April 1927 1 year, 9 days NRS Uzunović I–II .
6
Velimir Vukićević
Velimir Vukićević
(1871–1930)
Serb 17 April 1927 28 July 1928 1 year, 102 days NRS 1927 Vukićević I–II Resigned after assassination attempt on opposition leader Stjepan Radić in the Parliament.
7
Anton Korošec
Anton Korošec
(1872–1940)
Slovene 28 July 1928 7 January 1929 163 days SLS Korošec Appointed after the assassination attempt on Stjepan Radić, until the 6 January Dictatorship.
8
Petar Živković
Petar Živković
(1879–1947)
Serb 7 January 1929 4 April 1932 3 years, 88 days JNS 1931 Živković Prime Minister during the 6 January Dictatorship.
Sentenced to death in absentia in 1946.
9
Vojislav Marinković
Vojislav Marinković
(1876–1935)
Serb 4 April 1932 3 July 1932 90 days JNS Marinković Previously a (founding) member of the Democratic Party.
10
Milan Srškić
Milan Srškić
(1880–1937)
Serb 3 July 1932 27 January 1934 1 year, 208 days JNS Srškić I–II .
(5)
Nikola Uzunović
Nikola Uzunović
(1873–1954)
Serb 27 January 1934 22 December 1934 329 days JNS Uzunović III The Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy party was renamed into the Yugoslav National Party.
11
Bogoljub Jevtić
Bogoljub Jevtić
(1886–1960)
Serb 22 December 1934 24 June 1935 184 days JRZ
JNS
1935 Jevtić .
12
Milan Stojadinović
Milan Stojadinović
(1888–1961)
Serb 24 June 1935 5 February 1939 3 years, 226 days JRZ 1938 Stojadinović I–II–III .
13
Dragiša Cvetković
Dragiša Cvetković
(1893–1969)
Serb 5 February 1939 27 March 1941 2 years, 50 days JRZ Cvetković I–II Sentenced in absentia in 1945.
In the Yugoslav government-in-exile
14
Dušan Simović
Dušan Simović
(1882–1962)
Serb 27 March 1941 11 January 1942 290 days Independent Simović Chief of the General Staff of the Royal Yugoslav Army. Took power by military coup d'état. He led government into exile in London.
15
Slobodan Jovanović
Slobodan Jovanović
(1869–1958)
Serb 11 January 1942 26 June 1943 1 year, 166 days Independent Jovanović I-II Headed government-in-exile.
Found guilty of treason in absentia in 1946.
16
Miloš Trifunović
Miloš Trifunović
(1871–1957)
Serb 26 June 1943 10 August 1943 45 days NRS Trifunović Headed government-in-exile
17
Božidar Purić
Božidar Purić
(1891–1977)
Serb 10 August 1943 8 July 1944 333 days Independent Purić Headed government-in-exile
18
Ivan Šubašić
Ivan Šubašić
(1892–1955)
Croat 8 July 1944 2 November 1944 117 days HSS Šubašić Headed government-in-exile.
Merged into coalition government on November 2, 1944, with Josip Broz Tito presiding.
In the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
19
(1)
Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz Tito
(1892–1980)
Croat 2 November 1944 29 June 1963 18 years, 239 days SKJ
SKJ
1945
1950
1953
1958
1963
Tito I–II–III–IV–V–VI Held post simultaneously (as head of the NKOJ) first with Božidar Purić, then Ivan Šubašić. Headed joint coalition government.
20
(2)
Petar Stambolić
Petar Stambolić
(1912–2007)
Serb 29 June 1963 16 May 1967 3 years, 321 days SKJ Stambolić .
21
(3)
Mika Špiljak
Mika Špiljak
(1916–2007)
Croat 16 May 1967 18 May 1969 2 years, 2 days SKJ Špiljak .
22
(4)
Mitja Ribičič
Mitja Ribičič
(1919–2013)
Slovene 18 May 1969 30 July 1971 2 years, 73 days SKJ 1969 Ribičič .
23
(5)
Džemal Bijedić
Džemal Bijedić
(1917–1977)
Bosniak 30 July 1971 18 January 1977 † 5 years, 172 days SKJ 1974 Bijedić I-II Killed in a plane crash.
24
(6)
Veselin Đuranović
Veselin Đuranović
(1925–1997)
Montenegrin 18 January 1977 16 May 1982 5 years, 118 days SKJ 1978 Đuranović .
25
(7)
Milka Planinc
Milka Planinc
(1924–2010)
Croat 16 May 1982 15 May 1986 3 years, 364 days SKJ 1982 Planinc First female head of the government.
26
(8)
Branko Mikulić
Branko Mikulić
(1928–1994)
Croat 15 May 1986 16 March 1989 2 years, 305 days SKJ 1986 Mikulić Resigned on 30 December 1988, amid widespread protests.
27
(9)
Ante Marković
Ante Marković
(1924–2011)
Croat 16 March 1989 20 December 1991 2 years, 279 days SKJ
Union of Reform Forces of Yugoslavia
1989 Marković Last prime minister of Yugoslavia.
League of Communists was dissolved in 1990, Marković formed his own party.
Aleksandar Mitrović
Aleksandar Mitrović
(1933–2012)
Acting
Serb 20 December 1991 14 July 1992 207 days SPS Marković Acting prime minister.
Installed by Serbia and Montenegro.

Timeline

Aleksandar Mitrović (politician) Ante Marković Branko Mikulić Milka Planinc Veselin Đuranović Džemal Bijedić Mitja Ribičič Mika Špiljak Petar Stambolić Josip Broz Tito Ivan Šubašić Božidar Purić Miloš Trifunović (politician) Slobodan Jovanović Dušan Simović Dragiša Cvetković Milan Stojadinović Bogoljub Jevtić Milan Srškić Vojislav Marinković Petar Živković Anton Korošec Velimir Vukićević Nikola Uzunović Milenko Radomar Vesnić Ljubomir Davidović Stojan Protić Nikola Pašić

See also

Kids robot.svg In Spanish: Primer ministro de Yugoslavia para niños

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