Prime Minister of Yugoslavia facts for kids

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Quick facts for kids Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
Standard of the Prime Minister (SFR Yugoslavia)
Longest serving Josip Broz Tito 2 November 1944 – 29 June 1963
Government of Yugoslavia
Member of	Parliament of Yugoslavia
Reports to	King of Yugoslavia (Serbs, Croats and Slovenes) (1918–1945) President of Yugoslavia (1945–1971) Presidency of Yugoslavia (1971–1992)
Seat	Belgrade, Serbia
Nominator	King of Yugoslavia (Serbs, Croats and Slovenes) (1918–1945) Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)
Appointer	Parliament of Yugoslavia
Precursor	Prime Minister of Serbia President of the National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
Formation	1 December 1918
First holder	Stojan Protić
Final holder	Ante Marković
Abolished	14 July 1992
Deputy	Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia

The Prime Minister of Yugoslavia was the main leader of the government in the country of Yugoslavia. This important role existed from when Yugoslavia was first created in 1918 until the country broke apart in 1992. The Prime Minister was in charge of running the government and making sure laws were followed.

History of the Prime Minister Role
- The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918-1941)
- Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945-1992)
List of Prime Ministers
Timeline
See also

History of the Prime Minister Role

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918-1941)

The country we know as Yugoslavia began on December 1, 1918. It was first called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. This new kingdom was formed by joining the Kingdom of Serbia with other areas that used to be part of Austria-Hungary.

At first, the Kingdom was a parliamentary monarchy. This means it had a king, but a parliament and a prime minister also shared power. However, on January 6, 1929, King Alexander I took full control. He stopped the parliament from meeting and ruled the country himself. This was called the 6 January Dictatorship.

On October 3, 1929, the country's name was changed to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Even though a new constitution was introduced in 1931, King Alexander I still ruled like an absolute monarch. He was assassinated in 1934. After his death, the country went back to being a parliamentary monarchy.

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was defeated and taken over by Germany on April 17, 1941, during World War II. The monarchy was officially ended, and a republic was declared on November 29, 1945.

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945-1992)

After Germany invaded Yugoslavia, a resistance group called the Yugoslav Partisans formed. In 1942, they created a council called AVNOJ. On November 29, 1943, AVNOJ declared the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia. They also named Josip Broz Tito as the Prime Minister of their new government, the NKOJ.

The Allies (countries fighting against Germany) soon recognized Tito. The royal government, which had gone into exile in London, was asked to join forces with Tito's government. For a short time, Yugoslavia had two recognized prime ministers: Josip Broz Tito in Yugoslavia and Ivan Šubašić leading the government-in-exile in London.

In 1944, Tito and Šubašić agreed to form one joint government, with Tito as the leader. This new government officially started on November 2, 1944, after Yugoslavia's capital, Belgrade, was freed.

After the war, Tito's political group, the People's Front, won the elections. The new parliament removed King Peter II from power on November 29, 1945. They then declared the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. In 1963, the country's name changed again to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

The government was led by a Prime Minister until January 14, 1953. After that, the government was reorganized into the Federal Executive Council. The person leading this council was called the "President," but many outside Yugoslavia still referred to them as "Prime Minister." Josip Broz Tito held this top position from 1944 to 1963. From 1953 onwards, he was also the President of the Republic.

Many of the heads of government during this period were of Croatian background. This included Josip Broz Tito, Mika Špiljak, Milka Planinc, Branko Mikulić, and Ante Marković.

List of Prime Ministers

People's Radical Party Democratic Party Slovene People's Party Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy / Yugoslav National Party Yugoslav Radical Union Croatian Peasant Party Communist Party of Yugoslavia / League of Communists of Yugoslavia Union of Reform Forces of Yugoslavia Socialist Party of Serbia Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Ethnicity	Term of office			Political party	Election	Cabinet	Notes
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Ethnicity	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Political party	Election	Cabinet	Notes
In the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
–		Nikola Pašić (1845–1926) Acting	Serb	1 December 1918	22 December 1918	21 days	NRS	–	Pašić XII	Acting prime minister, as the last prime minister of Serbia.
1		Stojan Protić (1857–1923)	Serb	22 December 1918	16 August 1919	237 days	NRS	–	Protić I	First Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (that will be renamed to "Yugoslavia").
2		Ljubomir Davidović (1863–1940)	Serb	16 August 1919	19 February 1920	187 days	DS	–	Davidović I	.
(1)		Stojan Protić (1857–1923)	Serb	19 February 1920	16 May 1920	87 days	NRS	–	Protić II	.
3		Milenko Vesnić (1863–1921)	Serb	16 May 1920	1 January 1921	230 days	NRS	1920	Vesnić	.
4		Nikola Pašić (1845–1926)	Serb	1 January 1921	28 July 1924	3 years, 209 days	NRS	1923	Pašić XIII–XIV–XV–XVI–XVII–XVIII–XIX	Second term. Vidovdan Constitution adopted on June 28, 1921.
(2)		Ljubomir Davidović (1863–1940)	Serb	28 July 1924	6 November 1924	101 days	DS	–	Davidović II	Second term
(4)		Nikola Pašić (1845–1926)	Serb	6 November 1924	8 April 1926	1 year, 153 days	NRS	1925	Pašić XX–XXI–XXII	Third term
5		Nikola Uzunović (1873–1954)	Serb	8 April 1926	17 April 1927	1 year, 9 days	NRS	–	Uzunović I–II	.
6		Velimir Vukićević (1871–1930)	Serb	17 April 1927	28 July 1928	1 year, 102 days	NRS	1927	Vukićević I–II	Resigned after assassination attempt on opposition leader Stjepan Radić in the Parliament.
7		Anton Korošec (1872–1940)	Slovene	28 July 1928	7 January 1929	163 days	SLS	–	Korošec	Appointed after the assassination attempt on Stjepan Radić, until the 6 January Dictatorship.
8		Petar Živković (1879–1947)	Serb	7 January 1929	4 April 1932	3 years, 88 days	JNS	1931	Živković	Prime Minister during the 6 January Dictatorship. Sentenced to death in absentia in 1946.
9		Vojislav Marinković (1876–1935)	Serb	4 April 1932	3 July 1932	90 days	JNS	–	Marinković	Previously a (founding) member of the Democratic Party.
10		Milan Srškić (1880–1937)	Serb	3 July 1932	27 January 1934	1 year, 208 days	JNS	–	Srškić I–II	.
(5)		Nikola Uzunović (1873–1954)	Serb	27 January 1934	22 December 1934	329 days	JNS	–	Uzunović III	The Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy party was renamed into the Yugoslav National Party.
11		Bogoljub Jevtić (1886–1960)	Serb	22 December 1934	24 June 1935	184 days	JRZ JNS	1935	Jevtić	.
12		Milan Stojadinović (1888–1961)	Serb	24 June 1935	5 February 1939	3 years, 226 days	JRZ	1938	Stojadinović I–II–III	.
13		Dragiša Cvetković (1893–1969)	Serb	5 February 1939	27 March 1941	2 years, 50 days	JRZ	–	Cvetković I–II	Sentenced in absentia in 1945.
In the Yugoslav government-in-exile
14		Dušan Simović (1882–1962)	Serb	27 March 1941	11 January 1942	290 days	Independent	–	Simović	Chief of the General Staff of the Royal Yugoslav Army. Took power by military coup d'état. He led government into exile in London.
15		Slobodan Jovanović (1869–1958)	Serb	11 January 1942	26 June 1943	1 year, 166 days	Independent	–	Jovanović I-II	Headed government-in-exile. Found guilty of treason in absentia in 1946.
16		Miloš Trifunović (1871–1957)	Serb	26 June 1943	10 August 1943	45 days	NRS	–	Trifunović	Headed government-in-exile
17		Božidar Purić (1891–1977)	Serb	10 August 1943	8 July 1944	333 days	Independent	–	Purić	Headed government-in-exile
18		Ivan Šubašić (1892–1955)	Croat	8 July 1944	2 November 1944	117 days	HSS	–	Šubašić	Headed government-in-exile. Merged into coalition government on November 2, 1944, with Josip Broz Tito presiding.
In the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
19 (1)		Josip Broz Tito (1892–1980)	Croat	2 November 1944	29 June 1963	18 years, 239 days	SKJ SKJ	1945 1950 1953 1958 1963	Tito I–II–III–IV–V–VI	Held post simultaneously (as head of the NKOJ) first with Božidar Purić, then Ivan Šubašić. Headed joint coalition government.
20 (2)		Petar Stambolić (1912–2007)	Serb	29 June 1963	16 May 1967	3 years, 321 days	SKJ	–	Stambolić	.
21 (3)		Mika Špiljak (1916–2007)	Croat	16 May 1967	18 May 1969	2 years, 2 days	SKJ	–	Špiljak	.
22 (4)		Mitja Ribičič (1919–2013)	Slovene	18 May 1969	30 July 1971	2 years, 73 days	SKJ	1969	Ribičič	.
23 (5)		Džemal Bijedić (1917–1977)	Bosniak	30 July 1971	18 January 1977 †	5 years, 172 days	SKJ	1974	Bijedić I-II	Killed in a plane crash.
24 (6)		Veselin Đuranović (1925–1997)	Montenegrin	18 January 1977	16 May 1982	5 years, 118 days	SKJ	1978	Đuranović	.
25 (7)		Milka Planinc (1924–2010)	Croat	16 May 1982	15 May 1986	3 years, 364 days	SKJ	1982	Planinc	First female head of the government.
26 (8)		Branko Mikulić (1928–1994)	Croat	15 May 1986	16 March 1989	2 years, 305 days	SKJ	1986	Mikulić	Resigned on 30 December 1988, amid widespread protests.
27 (9)		Ante Marković (1924–2011)	Croat	16 March 1989	20 December 1991	2 years, 279 days	SKJ Union of Reform Forces of Yugoslavia	1989	Marković	Last prime minister of Yugoslavia. League of Communists was dissolved in 1990, Marković formed his own party.
–		Aleksandar Mitrović (1933–2012) Acting	Serb	20 December 1991	14 July 1992	207 days	SPS	–	Marković	Acting prime minister. Installed by Serbia and Montenegro.