Qahhor Mahkamov facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Qahhor Mahkamov
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| Қаҳҳор Маҳкамов Кахар Махкамов |
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Mahkamov in 1991
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| 1st President of Tajikistan | |
| In office 30 November 1990 – 31 August 1991 |
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| Vice President | Izatullo Khayoyev |
| Preceded by | Office Established |
| Succeeded by | Qadriddin Aslonov (Acting) |
| First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan | |
| In office 1985 – 31 August 1991 |
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| Preceded by | Rahmon Nabiyev |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Full member of the 28th Politburo | |
| In office 14 July 1990 – 29 August 1991 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born | 16 April 1932 Khujand, Tajik SSR, Soviet Union |
| Died | 8 June 2016 (aged 84) Dushanbe, Tajikistan |
| Nationality | Tajik |
| Political party | Communist Party of Tajikistan |
| Other political affiliations |
Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
| Alma mater | Leningrad Mining Institute |
Qahhor Mahkamov (also spelled Kahar Mahkamov) was an important politician from Tajikistan. He was born on April 16, 1932, and passed away on June 8, 2016. He led the Communist Party of Tajikistan from 1985 to 1991. He also became the first President of Tajikistan in November 1990. However, he had to step down in August 1991 during a big political event.
Contents
Early Life and Education
Qahhor Mahkamov was born in Khujand, a city in northern Tajikistan. His family was a working-class family. He finished his studies at the Dushanbe Industrial Technicum in 1949. Later, in 1952, he graduated from the Leningrad Mining Institute. He earned a degree in engineering.
After his studies, Mahkamov worked in different roles. He was a professor, a chief engineer, and even the director of a mine in Isfara. In 1957, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He quickly moved up in the Communist Party of Tajikistan. He became the head of a very important committee in Leninabad.
In 1963, Mahkamov was chosen to be part of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Tajikistan. For many years, from 1963 to 1982, he held powerful positions. He was the Head of Central Planning and the Vice-Director of the Cabinet of Ministers in Tajikistan.
Leading Tajikistan
In 1985, the previous leader, Rahmon Nabiyev, left his position. Qahhor Mahkamov was then chosen to become the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan. His time as leader was very busy and full of changes.
This period was also when Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev started new policies called Perestroika (economic reforms) and Glasnost (openness). These changes brought new ideas and challenges to Tajikistan.
During Mahkamov's leadership, people in Tajikistan felt a stronger sense of national pride. This led to a new law in 1989 called the Language Law. This law made the Tajik language the official state language. Some people, especially those who were not from Central Asia, felt worried by this law. Many Russians, Jews, and Germans started to leave the country.
Major Challenges
One of the biggest challenges for Mahkamov was the 1990 Dushanbe riots in February 1990. These riots happened in the capital city, Dushanbe. Young Tajik people and non-Tajiks had conflicts. There were fights in the streets, and many people were hurt or died. Mahkamov took strong action to stop the riots. He also dealt with groups who wanted to follow strict religious rules. A long curfew was put in place to keep order.
From April to November 1990, Mahkamov was the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. This meant he was the head of state. As part of Gorbachev's political changes, the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan chose Mahkamov to be the first President of Tajikistan. This happened on November 30, 1990.
End of His Leadership
Mahkamov's time as president ended in August 1991. He supported a failed attempt by some hardline leaders in Moscow to take control of the Soviet Union. This event is known as the August Coup. People in Tajikistan protested in the streets. They demanded that Mahkamov leave his position. On August 31, 1991, he resigned as President and First Secretary.
After this, Mahkamov left politics. He stayed out of the public eye during the difficult times that followed. This included a period of political instability and the Tajikistani Civil War.
In 2000, Emomali Rahmon, the President of Tajikistan, appointed Mahkamov as a member of the National Assembly of Tajikistan. Qahhor Mahkamov passed away on June 8, 2016, at the age of 84, after a long illness.
See also
In Spanish: Qahhor Mahkamov para niños
