Union of Sweden and Norway facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
Förenade konungarikena Sverige och Norge
De forenede Kongeriger Norge og Sverige |
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| 1814–1905 | |||||||||||||
.svg) Union mark and diplomatic flag 1844–1905
 Coat of arms
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Sweden and Norway in 1905
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| Status | Personal union | ||||||||||||
| Capital | Stockholm & Christiania[a] | ||||||||||||
| Common languages | Swedish, Danish, Norwegian[b], Western Sami languages | ||||||||||||
| Religion | Protestant (Lutheran) Christianity | ||||||||||||
| Government | Constitutional monarchies | ||||||||||||
| King | |||||||||||||
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• 1814–1818
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Charles XIII/II | ||||||||||||
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• 1818–1844
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Charles XIV/III John | ||||||||||||
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• 1844–1859
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Oscar I | ||||||||||||
| Legislature | Legislatures:[d] | ||||||||||||
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• Swedish legislature
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Swedish Parliament | ||||||||||||
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• Norwegian legislature
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Parliament of Norway | ||||||||||||
| Historical era | 19th century | ||||||||||||
| 14 January 1814 | |||||||||||||
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• Charles XIII elected king of Norway
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4 November 1814 | ||||||||||||
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• Constitution of Norway amended
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4 November 1814 | ||||||||||||
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• Monetary union
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16 October 1875 | ||||||||||||
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• Norway declares independence
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7 June 1905 | ||||||||||||
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• Union dissolved
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13 August 1905 | ||||||||||||
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• Oscar II renounces claims to Norway
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26 October 1905 | ||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
| 1905 | 774,184 km2 (298,914 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||
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• 1820
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3550000[c] | ||||||||||||
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• 1905
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7560000[c] | ||||||||||||
| Currency | Sweden: Riksdaler, (1814–1873) Krona (1873–1905) Norway: Speciedaler, (1814–1875) Krone (1875–1905) |
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a. ^ The king resided alternately in Stockholm (mostly) and Christiania (usually some months of each year). He received ministers from both Sweden and Norway in Union council, or separately in only Swedish or Norwegian councils. The majority of the Norwegian cabinet ministers convened in Christiania when the king was absent.
b. ^ The written Norwegian language ceased to exist in the first half of the 16th century and was replaced by Danish. Written Danish was still used during the union with Sweden, but was slightly norwegianized in the latter half of the 19th century. In 1885, the Parliament of Norway accepted Landsmål as an official written language at par with Danish. c. ^ 1820: 2,585,000 in Sweden, and 970,000 in Norway. 1905: 5,260,000 in Sweden, and 2,300,000 in Norway. d. ^ The Swedish Parliament was a diet composed of four estates until 1866. That year it became into a bicameral legislature. The Parliament of Norway was a unicameral legislature. In the Norwegian parliament the cabinet needed support from the majority. |
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The Union of Sweden and Norway (Swedish: Svensk-norska unionen; Norwegian: Den svensk-norske union), officially the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, was a personal union. It consisted of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway under the same monarch. It lasted from 1814 to 1905. In 1905 Sweden accepted Norway leaving the union. Both states kept their separate constitutions, laws, legislatures, administrations, state churches, armed forces, and currencies. However the kings mostly resided in Stockholm. Stockholm was also the town where foreign diplomatic representations were located.
Images for kids
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Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, Marshal of France, Crown Prince of Sweden in 1810 and Norway in 1814, and King of Sweden and Norway in 1818. Portrait by Joseph Nicolas Jouy, after François-Joseph Kinson
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King Charles XIII (Charles II in Norway)
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Christian Frederik, hereditary prince of Denmark and Norway, King of Norway May–October 1814, and King of Denmark (as Christian VIII) 1839–48. Portrait by Johan Ludwig Lund 1813
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Count Johan Caspar Herman Wedel-Jarlsberg, who warned Christian Frederik
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Oscar Wergeland: The Norwegian Constitutional Assembly in 1814
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Christian Magnus Falsen, at 32, was credited as being the constitution's father.
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Swedish Crown Prince Charles John (Bernadotte), who staunchly opposed Norwegian independence, only to offer generous terms of a union
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Map of Norway and Sweden in 1847, by Peter Andreas Munch
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King Charles XIV John (Charles III John in Norway). Portrait by Fredric Westin
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Poster promoting Scandinavism between Norway, Sweden, and Denmark
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King Oscar II
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Swedish and Norwegian flags in 1899, after the removal of the union badge from the merchant flag of Norway
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The peace monument of Karlstad was erected on the city square in 1955, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the dissolution of the union.
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See also
In Spanish: Unión entre Suecia y Noruega para niños
