Abakan facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Abakan (English)Абакан (Russian) Ағбан, Абахан (Khakas) |
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 Statue in Abakan |
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| City Day | Second to last Saturday in August |
| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Khakassia |
| Administratively subordinated to | City of Abakan |
| Capital of | Republic of Khakassia |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Abakan Urban Okrug |
| Head | Alexey Lemin |
| Representative body | Council of Deputies |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
165,214 inhabitants |
| - Rank in 2010 | 109th |
| Population (January 2014 est.) | 173,200 inhabitants |
| Time zone | KRAT (UTC+08:00) |
| Founded | 1675 |
| City status since | 30 April 1931 |
| Postal code(s) | 655000–655012, 655014–655019, 655022, 655400, 655899, 655961, 655965, 655966 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 3902 |
| Official website: http://абакан.рф | |
Abakan (Russian: Абака́н; Khakas: Ағбан, Ağban, or Абахан, Abaxan) is the capital city of Khakassia, Russia, located in the central part of the Minusinsk Depression, at the confluence of the Yenisei and Abakan Rivers. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 165,214—a slight increase over 165,197 recorded during the 2002 Census and a further increase from 154,092 recorded during the 1989 Census.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1926 | 3,000 | — |
| 1939 | 36,652 | +1121.7% |
| 1959 | 56,416 | +53.9% |
| 1970 | 90,136 | +59.8% |
| 1979 | 128,311 | +42.4% |
| 1989 | 154,092 | +20.1% |
| 2002 | 165,197 | +7.2% |
| 2010 | 165,214 | +0.0% |
| 2021 | 184,769 | +11.8% |
| Source: Census data | ||
Contents
History
Abakansky ostrog (Абаканский острог), also known as Abakansk (Абаканск), was built at the mouth of the Abakan River in 1675. In the 1780s, the selo of Ust-Abakanskoye (Усть-Абаканское) was established in this area. It was granted town status and given its current name on 30 April 1931.
In 1940, Russian construction workers found ancient ruins during the construction of a highway between Abakan and Askiz. When the site was excavated by Soviet archaeologists in 1941–1945, they realized that they had discovered a building absolutely unique for the area: a large (1500 square meters) Chinese-style, likely Han dynasty era (206 BC–220 AD) palace. The identity of the high-ranking personage who lived luxuriously in Chinese style, far outside the Han Empire's borders, has remained a matter for discussion ever since. Russian archaeologist Lidiya Yevtyukhova surmised, based on circumstantial evidence, that the palace may have been the residence of Li Ling, a Chinese general who had been defeated by the Xiongnu in 99 BCE, and defected to them as a result. While this opinion has remained popular, other views have been expressed as well. More recently, for example, it was claimed by Aleksey Kovalyov as the residence of Lu Fang (盧芳), a Han throne pretender from the Guangwu era.
Lithuanian and Polish exiles
In the late 18th and during the 19th century, Lithuanian participants in the 1794, 1830–1831, and 1863 rebellions against Russian rule were exiled to Abakan. A group of camps was established where prisoners were forced to work in the coal mines. After Stalin's death, Lithuanian exiles from the nearby settlements moved in.
Also Polish exiles were deported to Khakassia, with the some descendants still living in the region. In 1994, a local Polish school was founded, which was supported by the local authorities until 2014, and in 1999, a Polish-language faculty was introduced at the local Khakassian State University.
Administrative and municipal status
Abakan is the capital of the republic. Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Abakan—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts As a municipal division, the City of Abakan is incorporated as Abakan Urban Okrug.
Economy
The city has an industry enterprises, Katanov State University of Khakasia, and three theatres. Furthermore, it has a commercial center that produces footwear, foodstuffs, and metal products.
Transportation
Abakan (together with Tayshet) was a terminal of the major Abakan-Taishet Railway. Now it is an important railway junction.
The city is served by the Abakan International Airport.
Military
The 100th Air Assault Brigade of the Russian Airborne Troops was based in the city until circa 1996.
Sites
Abakan's sites of interest include:
- Holy Transfiguration Cathedral (Russian: Спасо-Преображенский кафедральный собор (Spaso-Preobrazhenskiy kafedral’nyy sobor))
- "Good Angel of Peace" sculpture (Russian: Скульптура «Добрый ангел мира» (Skul’ptura «Dobryy angel mira»))
- Park of Topiary Art (Russian: Парк топиарного искусства (Park Topiarnogo Iskusstva))
- Khakas National local history museum named after Leonid Kyzlasov (Russian: Хакасский краеведческий музей имени Л.Р. Кызласова (Khakasskiy Natsional'nyy Krayevedcheskiy Muzey Im. L.R. Kyzlasova))
Sports
Bandy, similar to hockey, is one of the most popular sports in the city. Sayany-Khakassia was playing in the top-tier Super League in the 2012–13 season but was relegated for the 2013–14 season and has been playing in the Russian Bandy Supreme League ever since. Russian Government Cup was played here in 1988 and in 2012.
Geography
Climate
Abakan has a borderline Dry-winter continental (Köppen climate classification Dwb)/cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). Temperature differences between seasons are extreme, which is typical for Siberia. Precipitation is concentrated in the summer and is less common because of rain shadows from nearby mountains.
| Climate data for Abakan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) |
9.1 (48.4) |
20.2 (68.4) |
33.5 (92.3) |
37.6 (99.7) |
37.1 (98.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
36.3 (97.3) |
34.3 (93.7) |
24.5 (76.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
38.5 (101.3) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 0.1 (32.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
22.5 (72.5) |
30.1 (86.2) |
32.3 (90.1) |
33.7 (92.7) |
31.5 (88.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
18.3 (64.9) |
8.3 (46.9) |
1.8 (35.2) |
34.5 (94.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −12.3 (9.9) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
1.0 (33.8) |
11.5 (52.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
24.7 (76.5) |
26.8 (80.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
8.5 (47.3) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
8.4 (47.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.8 (0.0) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
4.4 (39.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
17.8 (64.0) |
20.4 (68.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
10.7 (51.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
2.1 (35.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23.3 (−9.9) |
−21.8 (−7.2) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
4.6 (40.3) |
10.9 (51.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−11.9 (10.6) |
−19.9 (−3.8) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −34.9 (−30.8) |
−33.5 (−28.3) |
−25.7 (−14.3) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
8.4 (47.1) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−12.1 (10.2) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−32.7 (−26.9) |
−37.4 (−35.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.6 (−53.7) |
−45.1 (−49.2) |
−38.7 (−37.7) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
1.2 (34.2) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
−37.6 (−35.7) |
−43.8 (−46.8) |
−47.6 (−53.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.3 (0.29) |
5.6 (0.22) |
4.6 (0.18) |
12.3 (0.48) |
27.9 (1.10) |
55.8 (2.20) |
66.0 (2.60) |
61.5 (2.42) |
35.5 (1.40) |
16.1 (0.63) |
10.1 (0.40) |
8.0 (0.31) |
310.7 (12.23) |
| Average precipitation days | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 9.3 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 7.2 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 59.3 |
| Source 1: Météo climat stats | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Météo Climat | |||||||||||||
