Boyle Heights, Los Angeles facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Boyle Heights
Neighborhood of Los Angeles
Top: Mariachi Plaza; St. Mary's Church; bottom: Calvary Church; LAC+USC Medical Center.
Boundaries of Boyle Heights as drawn by the Los Angeles Times
Boyle Heights Location in Los Angeles
Country	United States
State	California
County	Los Angeles
City	Los Angeles
Area
• Total	6.5 sq mi (17 km2)
Population  (2000)
• Total	92,785
• Density	14,262/sq mi (5,507/km2)
ZIP Codes	90023, 90033, 90063
Area code(s)	213/323

Boyle Heights, historically known as Paredón Blanco (Spanish for "White Bluff"), is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, located east of the Los Angeles River. It is one of the city's most notable and historic Chicano/Mexican-American communities and is known as a bastion of Chicano culture, hosting cultural landmarks like Mariachi Plaza and events like the annual Día de los Muertos celebrations.

History

Plan of Boyle Heights in 1877.

The Boyle Hotel, built 1889.

Santa Fe Hospital in 1905 (modern day Linda Vista Community Hospital).

Boyle Heights was called Paredón Blanco ("White Bluff") during the Spanish, Mexican, and early American periods. During Mexican rule, what would become Boyle Heights became home to a small settlement of relocated Tongva refugees from the village of Yaanga in 1845. The villagers were relocated to this new site known as Pueblito after being forcibly evicted from their previous location on the corner Alameda and Commercial Street by German immigrant Juan Domingo (John Groningen), who paid Governor Pío Pico $200 for the land.

On August 13, 1846, Los Angeles was seized by invading American forces during the Mexican–American War. Under American occupation, Indigenous elimination became a core principle of governance and the Pueblito site was razed to the ground in 1847: "the Indians were required to live in dispersed settlements or with their employers in the city." The destruction of Pueblito was reportedly approved by the Los Angeles City Council and largely displaced the final generation of the villagers, known as Yaangavit, into the Calle de los Negros ("street of the dark ones") district.

The area became named after Andrew Boyle, an Irishman born in Ballinrobe, who purchased 22 acres (8.9 ha) on the bluffs overlooking the Los Angeles River after fighting in the Mexican–American War for $4,000. Boyle established his home on the land in 1858. In the 1860s, he began growing grapes and sold the wine under the "Paredon Blanc" name. His son-in-law William Workman served as early mayor and city councilman and also built early infrastructure for the area.

To the north of Boyle Heights was Brooklyn Heights, a subdivision in the hills on the eastern bank of the Los Angeles River that centered on Prospect Park.

From 1889 through 1909 the city was divided into nine wards. In 1899 a motion was introduced at the Ninth Ward Development Association to use the name Boyle Heights to apply to all the highlands of the Ninth Ward, including Brooklyn Heights and Euclid Heights. XLNT Foods had a factory making tamales here early in their history. The company started in 1894, when tamales were the most popular ethnic food in Los Angeles. The company is the oldest continuously operating Mexican food brand in the United States, and one of the oldest companies in Southern California.

The Mission Revival style Hollenbeck Palms in 1956.

In the early 1910s, Boyle Heights was one of the only communities that did not have restricted housing covenants that discriminated against Japanese and other people of color. The Japanese community of Little Tokyo continued to grow and extended to the First Street Corridor into Boyle Heights in the early 1910s. Boyle Heights became Los Angeles’s largest residential communities of Japanese immigrants and Americans, apart from Little Tokyo. In the 1920s and 1930s, Boyle Heights became the center of significant churches, temples, and schools for the Japanese community. These include the Tenrikyo Junior Church of America, the Konko Church, and the Higashi Honganji Buddhist Temple; all designed by Yos Hirose. The Japanese Baptist Church was built by the Los Angeles City Baptist Missionary Society. A hospital, also designed by Hirose, opened in 1929 to serve the Japanese American community.

The Mariachi Plaza kiosko

Malabar Branch Library, built in 1927 in a Spanish Eclectic style.

By the 1920s through the 1960s, Boyle Heights was racially and ethnically diverse as a center of Jewish, Mexican and Japanese immigrant life in the early 20th century, and also hosted significant Yugoslav, Armenian, African-American and Russian populations. Bruce Phillips, a sociologist who tracked Jewish communities across the United States, said that Jewish families left Boyle Heights not because of racism, but instead because of banks redlining the neighborhood (denying home loans) and the construction of several freeways through the community.

In 1961, the construction of the East LA Interchange began. At 135 acres in size, the interchange is three times larger than the average highway system, even expanding at some points to 27 lanes in width. The interchange handles around 1.7 million vehicles daily and has produced one of the most traffic congested regions in the world as well as one of the most concentrated pockets of air pollution in America. This resulted in the development of Boyle Heights, a multicultural, interethnic neighborhood in East Los Angeles whose celebration of cultural difference has made it a role model for democracy.

In 2017, some residents were protesting gentrification of their neighborhood by the influx of new businesses, a theme found in the TV series Vida and Gentefied, both set in the neighborhood.

Demographics

Statue of Lucha Reyes, the "Mother of Ranchera" in Mariachi Plaza.

As of the 2000 census, there were 92,785 people in the neighborhood, which was considered "not especially diverse" ethnically, with the racial composition of the neighborhood at 94.0% Latino, 2.3% Asian, 2.0% White (non-Hispanic), 0.9% African American, and 0.8% other races. The median household income was $33,235, low in comparison to the rest of the city. The neighborhood's population was also one of the youngest in the city, with a median age of just 25.

As of 2011, 95% of the community was Hispanic and Latino. The community had Mexican Americans, Mexican immigrants, and Central American ethnic residents. Hector Tobar of the Los Angeles Times said, "The diversity that exists in Boyle Heights today is exclusively Latino".

Latino communities These were the ten cities or neighborhoods in Los Angeles County with the largest percentage of Latino residents, according to the 2000 census:

Education

Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet High School, 2011

Theodore Roosevelt High School, 2016

Bishop Mora Salesian High School, 2006, a Catholic high school named after Bishop Francisco Mora y Borrell

Just 5% of Boyle Heights residents aged 25 and older had earned a four-year degree by 2000, a low percentage for the city and the county. The percentage of residents in that age range who had not earned a high school diploma was high for the county.

Public

• SIATech Boyle Heights Independent Study, Charter High School, 501 South Boyle Avenue
• Extera Public School, Charter Elementary, 1942 E. 2nd Street and 2226 E. 3rd Street
• Extera Public School #2, Charter Elementary, 1015 S. Lorena Street
• Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet High School, alternative, 1200 North Cornwell Street
• Theodore Roosevelt High School, 456 South Mathews Street
• Mendez High School 1200 Playa Del Sol
• Animo Oscar De La Hoya Charter High School, 1114 South Lorena Street
• Boyle Heights Continuation School, 544 South Mathews Street* Central Juvenile Hall, 1605 Eastlake Avenue
• Hollenbeck Middle School, 2510 East Sixth Street
• Robert Louis Stevenson Middle School, 725 South Indiana Street
• KIPP Los Angeles College Preparatory, charter middle, 2810 Whittier Boulevard
• Murchison Street Elementary School, 1501 Murchison Street
• Evergreen Avenue Elementary School, 2730 Ganahl Street
• Sheridan Street Elementary School, 416 North Cornwell Street
• Malabar Street Elementary School, 3200 East Malabar Street
• Breed Street Elementary School, 2226 East Third Street
• First Street Elementary School, 2820 East First Street
• Second Street Elementary School, 1942 East Second Street
• Soto Street Elementary School, 1020 South Soto Street
• Euclid Avenue Elementary School, 806 Euclid Avenue
• Sunrise Elementary School, 2821 East Seventh Street
• Utah Street Elementary School, 255 Gabriel Garcia Marquez Street
• Bridge Street Elementary School, 605 North Boyle Avenue
• Garza (Carmen Lomas) Primary Center, elementary, 2750 East Hostetter Street
• Christopher Dena Elementary School, 1314 Dacotah Street
• Learning Works Charter School, 1916 East First Street
• Lorena Street Elementary School, 1015 South Lorena Street
• PUENTE Learning Center, 501 South Boyle Avenue
• East Los Angeles Occupational Center (Adult Education), 2100 Marengo Street
• Endeavor College Preparatory Charter School, 1263 S Soto St, Los Angeles, CA 90023

Private

Landmarks

Breed Street Shul.

LAC+USC Medical Center.

Existing

• Breed Street Shul, which was declared a historic-cultural monument in 1988
• Self-Help Graphics and Art, the first community-based organization in the country to create a free public celebration of Day of the Dead
• Los Angeles County+USC Medical Center/Keck School of Medicine of USC
• Los Angeles County Department of Coroner
• Estrada Courts Murals
• Evergreen Cemetery
• Hazard Park
• Mariachi Plaza
• Hollenbeck Park
• Linda Vista Community Hospital (Now Hollenbeck Terrace Apartments, former Santa Fe Coast Lines Hospital)
• Sears Building, Olympic Boulevard and Soto St.
• Malabar Public Library
• Lucha Underground Temple, where the television program Lucha Underground is taped.
• St. Mary's Catholic Church (4th and Chicago Streets)

Demolished

• Soto-Michigan Jewish Community Center
• Aliso Village
• Sisters Orphan Home, operated by Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, 917 S. Boyle Ave. demolished due to earthquake damage and construction of freeway

Notable people

Sports

Arts and culture

Publishing

In popular culture

• 1917: Nuts in May
• 1957: The Pajama Game
• 1979: Boulevard Nights
• 1980: The Other Side of the Bridge (Spanish: Del Otro Lado del Puente)
• 1987: Born in East L.A.
• 1992: American Me
• 1993: Blood In Blood Out
• 1995: Dangerous Minds
• 1998: The Wonderful Ice Cream Suit
• 1998–2009 Breaking the Magician's Code: Magic's Biggest Secrets Finally Revealed
• 2007: Under the Same Moon
• 2008: The Take
• 2011: A Better Life
• 2014–2018: Lucha Underground
• 2015: East LA Interchange (documentary)
• 2015/2016: No más bebés
• 2018–2020: Vida
• 2020–2021: Gentefied
• 2021: Night Teeth

See also

In Spanish: Boyle Heights para niños