Darwin's Arch facts for kids
Darwin's Arch, 2006
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 Darwin's Arch
Location in Galápagos Islands
Darwin's Arch
Location in Pacific Ocean
Location in the Galápagos Islands##Location in the Pacific Ocean
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| Geography | |
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| Location | Southeast of Darwin Island, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador |
| Coordinates | 1°40′19.2″N 91°59′26.6″W / 1.672000°N 91.990722°W |
| Archipelago | Galápagos Islands |
| Administration | |
Darwin's Arch (Spanish: Arco de Darwin) was a natural rock arch feature to the southeast of Darwin Island in the Galápagos Archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. The arch sat on an irregularly shaped, rocky, submerged plateau, nicknamed "the theatre". The arch's collapse on 17 May 2021 was due to natural erosion and gravity and left two freestanding stacks.
Darwin's Arch, along with the nearby Darwin Island, was named after English naturalist Charles Darwin, whose studies in the surrounding area helped him to form his theory of evolution by means of natural selection. As a tribute to Darwin and his works, the remaining stone "towers" are becoming known as "the Pillars of Evolution".
Geography
Part of Ecuador's Galápagos archipelago, Darwin Island is a small, uninhabited island with an area of 2.33 square kilometres (0.90 sq mi) and an elevation of 168 metres (551 ft). Darwin's Arch was 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) to the southeast of the island and had a bridge-like appearance, which had been caused by erosion. The plateau's wall drops away into the sea, and the arch's ocean side featured a "viewing platform" at 18 metres (59 ft). The arch was 43 metres (141 ft) high, 70 metres (230 ft) long, and 23 metres (75 ft) wide.
Fauna
From its southern end to the sloping channel, the marine fauna seen are scalloped hammerheads, manta rays, big-eye jacks, bonito, yellowfin tuna, dolphins, big schooling of species of pelagic fish, and also whale sharks of up to 14 metres (45 ft) in length. The whale sharks are found from early July. Other marine fauna include Moorish idols, Galapagos sharks, eagle rays, green turtles, and hawksbill turtles, silkie and white tipped reef sharks, barracuda and black jack sharks. Many birds are endemic and the species commonly noted is the sooty tern (Sterna fuscata), which breeds on Darwin Island.
Tourism
The arch was popular with photographers and cruise-ship tours. The rich wildlife around the arch made it a popular scuba diving location. As with Darwin Island, tourists were not permitted to set foot on the arch. The surrounding area of the Galápagos Islands was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978.
Collapse
On 17 May 2021, at 11:20 a.m. Galápagos Time (UTC–6), the arch collapsed through natural erosion. A post from Ecuador's Ministry of Environment and Water stated that "this event was a consequence of natural erosion. Darwin's Arch is made of natural stone that at one time would have been part of Darwin Island, which is not open to visits by land." The event was witnessed by divers aboard the Galapagos Aggressor III.
Following the collapse of the arch, the remaining columns of rock have been nicknamed "the Pillars of Evolution" (Spanish: Los Pilares de la Evolución) by locals in the tourism and diving industry. The nickname alludes to the arch and the nearby island having been named after Charles Darwin, whose studies of the surrounding area's wildlife contributed to the inception of his theory of evolution by means of natural selection.
See also
In Spanish: Arco de Darwin para niños
