Gulf Hills, Mississippi facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Gulf Hills, Mississippi
Census-designated place
Location of Gulf Hills, Mississippi
Gulf Hills, Mississippi Location in the United States
Country	United States of America
State	Mississippi
County	Jackson
Area
• Total	8.1 sq mi (21.1 km2)
• Land	7.6 sq mi (19.8 km2)
• Water	0.5 sq mi (1.3 km2)
Elevation	13 ft (4 m)
Population  (2010)
• Total	7,144
• Density	933/sq mi (360.1/km2)
Time zone	UTC-6 (Central (CST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code	39564
Area code(s)	228
FIPS code	28-29620
GNIS feature ID	0670768

Gulf Hills is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jackson County, Mississippi, United States. It is part of the Pascagoula Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,144 at the 2010 census, up from 5,900 at the 2000 census.

Geography

Gulf Hills is located at 30°26′3″N 88°49′33″W / 30.43417°N 88.82583°W / 30.43417; -88.82583 (30.434065, -88.825794).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 8.1 square miles (21 km²), of which 7.6 square miles (20 km²) is land and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km²) (6.08%) is water.

The terrain in the Bayou Puerto region is relatively high considering its propinquity to the Gulf of Mexico. Elevations range from twenty-five above mean sea level to sea level. The area of interest lies south of the Big Ridge escarpment on the western terminus of an east-west striking coastal ridge, which is sub-parallel to the Big Ridge. Here small bayous and streams have dissected the topography with steep ravines to create a "hilly" terrain. Reconnaissance, surface and geologic investigations indicate that alluvial-fluvial deposits of the Late Pleistocene Prairie "formation" are exposed in the higher areas of the Bayou Puerto-Gulf Hills section. (Otvos, 1972, pp. 223–224)[1]

History

Bayou Puerto is the ancestral name for the area that most of us refer to today as Gulf Hills. This small, isolated, primarily Roman Catholic settlement came into existence in the mid-19th century, and encompassed for the most part the S/2 of Section 12, all of Section 13, the E/2 of Section 14, and the NE/4 of Section 24 all of T7S-R9W, Jackson County, Mississippi.

The majority of the people of the Bayou Puerto sector made their livelihoods primarily from the sea and forest. The sea provided fish, crustaceans, and mollusks, as well as the medium for travel and trade. Sylvan dwellers cut timber and light wood and made charcoal. Agriculturally, there were some citrus orchards and viticulture, but large traditional farms were nonexistence. Families cultivated vegetable gardens to supplement their high protein diet consisting primarily of seafood, fowl, and game.

After 1900, there is a marked decrease in charcoal making. Virtually every male resident of Bayou Puerto in 1900 was employed in the seafood industry. Only a few Blacks were still producing charcoal, probably for local consumption. (1900 Federal Census JXCO, Miss.)

Slavery

Slavery in the Bayou Puerto area was almost nil, as most of the inhabitants existed at the subsistence level.

Civil War

No Union incursions occurred in the Bayou Puerto section, nor are there any records of Federal occupation here during the Civil War. Some of the men left the safety and seclusion of their homes to fight for the preservation of slavery and the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.

Millionaire's Playground

An event, which permanently changed the history and culture of Bayou-Puerto and St. Martin, occurred as a result of the land boom of the mid-1920s. A group of investors from Chicago and New York enamored with the natural beauty, temperate climate, and propinquity via rail to the "snow birds" of the Midwest, chose an area in eastern St. Martin along and at the mouth of Old Fort Bayou and Bayou Puerto, to build a winter resort. It was called Gulf Hills because small tributaries and intermittent streams flowing into Old Fort Bayou and Bayou Puerto have dissected the topography in the area creating a somewhat rugose topography.

Harvey W. Braniger (1875–1953), a native of Morning Sun, Iowa and developer of Ivanhoe at Chicago, is generally considered the founder of Gulf Hills. A charter of incorporation was issued for Gulf Hills by the State of Mississippi on September 15, 1925. (The Jackson County Times, September 19, 1925, p. 2)[2]

The Chicago developers envisioned selling 3-acre (12,000 m²) homesites to wealthy northerners who would come to escape winter's cold blasts, then peacefully retire here.

The Branigars hosted a gala with the early January 1927 opening of Gulf Hills on No. 1 tee. Billed as the golf city of the Gulf Coast, Gulf Hills covered 667 acres (2.7 km²) with 249 of them dedicated as fairways, parks, playgrounds and waterways. Of the ten miles (16 km) of narrow roadways, four of them were waterfront and seven, on the golf course.

The Depression put the skids to the program. By the end of World War II, there were only 40 homes. By the 1950s, homes were being built again in Gulf Hills. Activity heightened in the 1960s and continued into the 1980s.

The Gulf Hills Inn was revitalized by renaming it Gulf Hills Dude Ranch and creating a western atmosphere. Gulf Hills became a popular place with nationwide recognition. Stars like Judy Garland, Elvis Presley and honeymooning Mary Ann Mobley and Gary Collins adopted the resort as a retreat. Until the 1970s, Mafia bosses would annually gather for business and pleasure. They were so unobtrusive and looked like other golfing businessmen that few people realized they were there. [3]

Presently most people live in Gulf Hills year round, and a diverse group now occupies this once resort community.

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 8,526 people, 3,072 households, and 2,218 families residing in the CDP.

Education

Gulf Hills is served by the Jackson County School District. Students in Gulf Hills attend schools in St. Martin.

Elementary schools

• St. Martin North Elementary
• St. Martin East Elementary
• St. Martin Upper Elementary

Middle schools

• St. Martin Middle School

High schools

• St. Martin High School

See also

In Spanish: Gulf Hills para niños