John Gibson Wright facts for kids

John Gibson Wright (born in 1837 – died November 2, 1890) was an officer who served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He played an important role in several battles and engineering projects during the war.

Early Life

John Gibson Wright was born in New York in 1837. Before the Civil War began, he worked as a builder.

Joining the War Effort

Wright started his military journey on April 26, 1861, as a private in the New York Militia. He left this volunteer group on June 3, 1861. However, he soon rejoined the army.

On October 8, 1861, he was made a captain of Company A in the 51st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He continued to rise through the ranks, becoming a major on March 14, 1863.

Important Roles During the War

During the war, Wright took on several key jobs. He served as an Assistant Adjutant General, which meant he helped with administrative tasks and communications. He was also an Assistant Inspector General, checking on the readiness and discipline of troops. Plus, he worked as a Provost Marshal, which involved maintaining order and enforcing military law.

Wright also used his building skills as an Assistant Engineer on Major General Ambrose Burnside's team. In this role, he oversaw the construction of important defensive walls and trenches, called earthworks, for the Ninth Corps near Petersburg, Virginia. These earthworks were crucial for protecting soldiers during battles.

Capture and Exchange

On September 30, 1864, during the Siege of Petersburg, Wright was captured by enemy forces at the Battle of Peebles's Farm. This battle was also known as the Battle of Poplar Springs Church. He was held as a prisoner until February 1865, when he was exchanged for another soldier. After his exchange, Wright was put in charge of Camp Auger, a military camp located near Alexandria, Virginia.

Promotions and End of Service

Wright continued to be promoted as the war neared its end. He became a lieutenant colonel on April 20, 1865, and then a colonel on May 18, 1865. He officially left the volunteer service with his regiment on July 25, 1865.

After the war, on February 24, 1866, President Andrew Johnson recognized Wright's bravery and service. He nominated Wright to be a brevet brigadier general of volunteers. A "brevet" rank is an honorary promotion given for outstanding service, without an increase in pay or command. The United States Senate confirmed this special appointment on April 10, 1866.

After the Civil War

After his military career, John Gibson Wright returned to civilian life. He used his engineering and building experience to work as a contractor. He focused on building roads and railroads in areas like New York City and St. Louis.

Later Life and Death

John Gibson Wright's wife passed away before him. His obituary, which is a notice of someone's death, mentioned that he had two sons living in Scotland at the time of his death. Wright himself died in New York City on November 2, 1890. He was buried at Mount Pleasant Cemetery (Newark, New Jersey).