List of amphibians of Alabama facts for kids
Alabama is home to many amazing creatures, and that includes 73 different kinds of amphibians! Amphibians are cool animals like frogs, toads, and salamanders that can live both on land and in water. In Alabama, you can find 30 types of frogs and toads, and 43 kinds of salamanders.
Sadly, two of these native species might have already disappeared from the state: the Mississippi gopher frog and the flatwoods salamander. This means they are no longer found in Alabama, even if they still exist elsewhere.
Many amphibian species are in danger because of things like people hunting them, pollution, and their homes (called habitats) being destroyed. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources keeps track of how well each species is doing in the state. They rank their safety from "lowest concern" (doing great!) to "highest concern" (in big trouble!).
Meet Alabama's Frogs and Toads
Frogs and toads are known for their jumping skills and their unique calls. They start their lives as tadpoles in water before changing into their adult forms. Here are some of the fascinating frogs and toads you can find in Alabama:
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Conservation concern |
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Bufo americanus | American toad | Bufonidae | Lowest |
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Bufo fowleri | Fowler's toad | Bufonidae | Lowest |
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Bufo quercicus | oak toad | Bufonidae | Moderate |
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Bufo terrestris | southern toad | Bufonidae | Lowest |
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Acris crepitans | northern cricket frog | Hylidae | Low |
Acris gryllus | southern cricket frog | Hylidae | Lowest | |
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Hyla andersonii | pine barrens treefrog | Hylidae | High |
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Hyla avivoca | bird-voiced treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Hyla chrysoscelis | Cope's gray treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Hyla cinerea | American green treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Hyla femoralis | pine woods treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Hyla gratiosa | barking treefrog | Hylidae | Low |
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Hyla squirella | squirrel treefrog | Hylidae | Low |
Pseudacris brachyphona | mountain chorus frog | Hylidae | Lowest | |
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Pseudacris crucifer | spring peeper | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Pseudacris feriarum | upland chorus frog | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Pseudacris nigrita | southern chorus frog | Hylidae | Lowest |
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Pseudacris ocularis | little grass frog | Hylidae | High |
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Pseudacris ornata | ornate chorus frog | Hylidae | Moderate |
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Eleutherodactylus planirostris | greenhouse frog | Eleutherodactylidae | Not native to Alabama, from Cuba and the Caribbean. |
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Gastrophryne carolinensis | eastern narrowmouth toad | Microhylidae | Lowest |
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Scaphiopus holbrookii | eastern spadefoot | Pelobatidae | Low |
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Rana capito | gopher frog | Ranidae | Highest |
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Rana catesbeiana | American bullfrog | Ranidae | Lowest |
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Rana clamitans ssp. | bronze frog green frog |
Ranidae | Lowest |
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Rana grylio | pig frog | Ranidae | Lowest |
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Rana sevosa | Mississippi gopher frog | Ranidae | Possibly gone from Alabama/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife says it's endangered |
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Lithobates heckscheri | river frog | Ranidae | Highest |
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Rana palustris | pickerel frog | Ranidae | Low |
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Rana sphenocephala | southern leopard frog | Ranidae | Lowest |
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Rana sylvatica | wood frog | Ranidae | Moderate |
Discover Alabama's Salamanders
Salamanders are amazing amphibians that often look like lizards, but they have smooth, moist skin instead of scales. They need to stay damp to survive. Here are some of the salamanders that call Alabama home:
Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Conservation concern |
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Ambystoma cingulatum | flatwoods salamander | Ambystomatidae | Possibly gone from Alabama/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife says it's threatened |
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Ambystoma maculatum | spotted salamander | Ambystomatidae | Low |
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Ambystoma opacum | marbled salamander | Ambystomatidae | Low |
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Ambystoma talpoideum | mole salamander | Ambystomatidae | Low |
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Ambystoma texanum | smallmouth salamander | Ambystomatidae | Moderate |
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Ambystoma tigrinum | eastern tiger salamander | Ambystomatidae | Moderate |
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Amphiuma means | two-toed amphiuma | Amphiumidae | Low |
Amphiuma pholeter | one-toed amphiuma | Amphiumidae | High | |
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Amphiuma tridactylum | three-toed amphiuma | Amphiumidae | Low |
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Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis | hellbender | Cryptobranchidae | Highest |
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Aneides aeneus | green salamander | Plethodontidae | High |
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Desmognathus aeneus | seepage salamander | Plethodontidae | High |
Desmognathus apalachicolae | Apalachicola dusky salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest | |
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Desmognathus auriculatus | southern dusky salamander | Plethodontidae | Highest |
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Desmognathus conanti | spotted dusky salamander | Plethodontidae | Low |
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Desmognathus monticola | seal salamander | Plethodontidae | Low |
Desmognathus ocoee | Ocoee salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate | |
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Eurycea cirrigera | southern two-lined salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest |
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Eurycea guttolineata | three-lined salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest |
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Eurycea longicauda | long-tailed salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest |
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Eurycea lucifuga | cave salamander spotted-tail salamander |
Plethodontidae | Lowest |
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Eurycea quadridigitata | dwarf salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate |
Gyrinophilus palleucus | Tennessee cave salamander | Plethodontidae | High | |
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Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ssp. | spring salamander | Plethodontidae | Low |
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Hemidactylium scutatum | four-toed salamander | Plethodontidae | Low |
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Phaeognathus hubrichti | Red Hills salamander | Plethodontidae | High/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife says it's threatened This is Alabama's official state amphibian! |
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Plethodon glutinosus | northern slimy salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest |
Plethodon grobmani | southeastern slimy salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest | |
Plethodon mississippi | Mississippi slimy salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest | |
Plethodon serratus | southern redback salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate | |
Plethodon ventralis | southern zigzag salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest | |
Plethodon websteri | Webster's salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest | |
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Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus | Gulf Coast mud salamander | Plethodontidae | Low |
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Pseudotriton ruber ruber | northern red salamander | Plethodontidae | Low |
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Pseudotriton ruber vioscai | southern red salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate |
Necturus alabamensis | Alabama waterdog Black Warrior waterdog |
Proteidae | High | |
Necturus beyeri | Gulf Coast waterdog speckled waterdog Beyer's waterdog |
Proteidae | Low | |
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Necturus maculosus | common mudpuppy | Proteidae | Low |
Necturus species | Loding's waterdog | Proteidae | Low/ This species is still being studied and doesn't have a full scientific name yet. It's found near the Gulf of Mexico. |
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Notophthalmus viridescens ssp. | eastern newt | Salamandridae | Lowest |
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Siren intermedia | lesser siren | Sirenidae | Lowest |
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Siren lacertina | greater siren | Sirenidae | Moderate |
Siren reticulata | reticulated siren/leopard eel | Sirenidae | Not yet fully determined This species was only identified in 2018! It's found in the southern parts of the state. |