Manchuria facts for kids

Manchuria (located in red)

Manchuria is a special region in China. It is also called Northeast China. This area is the original home of the Manchu people. Today, the Chinese call it "Dōngbĕi," which means "The Northeast."

Manchuria includes three of China's most northeastern provinces. These are Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang. Some parts of Manchuria used to belong to the Russian Empire. Now, these parts are ruled by Russia.

The name "Manchuria" comes from a Japanese way of saying the Chinese word "Manzhou."

History of Manchuria

In ancient times, different Chinese kingdoms controlled parts of Manchuria. Later, the Manchu people created their own empire. It was called the Jurchen empire.

The Manchus eventually moved into China. They started a new Chinese empire called the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty ruled China for a long time.

Even though the Manchus (who ruled China) signed a peace treaty with Russia, Russia took advantage of the weak Qing government. Russia took over the part of Manchuria that touches the Pacific Ocean. This is where the city of Dalian is today.

Later, Japan attacked Russia to gain control of this important land. Japan then invaded the Chinese part of Manchuria too. This area was called Manchukuo for a while. These events eventually led to World War II.

After World War II ended, the Soviet Union gave Manchuria back to China.

Geography of Manchuria

Manchuria is located in the northeast part of China. It also extends into the Russian Far East. The land here has many different features. You can find rocks, wide grasslands, tall mountains, and even deserts.

The weather in Manchuria is very extreme. Summers are usually very hot and humid. Winters, however, are very cold and dry.

Images for kids

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  1900s map of Manchuria, shown in pink

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  Climate map of Manchuria or Northeast China.

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  The Hailang River near Hailin City in Heilongjiang

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  A 12th-century Jurchen stone tortoise in today's Ussuriysk

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  The Three Kingdoms of Korea occupied about half of Manchuria in the 5th century AD

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  The Mongol Yuan province of Liaoyang included northern Korea

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  Manchuria is the homeland of the Jurchens who became the Manchus.

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  A Jurchen man hunting from his horse, from a 15th-century painting

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  The Manchu-led Qing dynasty around 1820. The original Jin area is shown with a purple line.

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  Map showing the original border (pink) between Manchuria and Russia from the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689). It also shows land lost to Russia in later treaties (beige and red).

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  Harbin's Kitayskaya Street (meaning "Chinese Street" in Russian), now Zhongyang Street, before 1945

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  A 1940 Manchukuo visa issued in Hamburg

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  Map of Manchukuo (1933–1945)

See also

In Spanish: Manchuria para niños