Ritchie Calder facts for kids

Peter Ritchie Ritchie-Calder, Baron Ritchie-Calder (born Calder; 1 July 1906 – 31 January 1982) was an important Scottish writer, journalist, and university teacher. He was known for his work in science, peace, and social fairness. He also became a member of the House of Lords, which is part of the UK Parliament.

Early Life and Education

Peter Ritchie Calder was born on July 1, 1906, in Forfar, Scotland. He was the youngest of four children. His father, David Lindsay Calder, worked with linen, and his mother, Georgina Ritchie, was the daughter of a master builder. Peter went to Forfar Academy but left school when he was 16 years old.

A Career in Journalism and Peace

Starting as a Journalist

Calder began his career as a journalist in the Scottish cities of Dundee and Glasgow. He quickly became known for his strong beliefs in socialism, which means he believed in fairness and equality for everyone. He was also a dedicated peace activist, working to prevent wars and promote understanding between people. Later, he became the science editor for the News Chronicle newspaper, where he wrote under the name 'Ritchie Calder'.

Working During World War II

Before World War II, Calder moved to London. He took on a special job as the director of plans and campaigns for the government's Political Warfare Executive. This group was in charge of creating messages, known as propaganda, to help the Allies win the war. He wrote posters, leaflets, and speeches for important leaders.

In 1941, he wrote a popular book called Carry on London. This book described the terrible effects of German bombing raids on London, Coventry, and other cities in Great Britain.

Promoting Peace and Science

After the war, Calder went back to writing. He focused on topics like internationalism (countries working together), the peace movement, and helping ordinary people understand science. He worked with the United Nations, an organization where countries cooperate for peace and development. He also led groups like the National Peace Council and the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, which worked for peace and against nuclear weapons. He continued his work as a science editor for the News Chronicle.

Reporting on DNA Discovery

In 1953, a major scientific discovery happened: the structure of DNA was found. Sir Lawrence Bragg first announced this in Belgium. Ritchie Calder was one of the first journalists to report on this amazing news in the UK. His article, titled "Why You Are You. Nearer Secret of Life," appeared in the News Chronicle on May 15, 1953.

Teaching and Awards

Calder was a strong supporter of peace and a humanist, meaning he believed in human values and reason. In 1955, he even released an album called Science in Our Lives, explaining science through recordings. From 1961 to 1967, he taught about international relations at the University of Edinburgh. In 1960, he received the Kalinga Prize, a special award for people who do a great job of explaining science to the public.

Honors and Titles

For his important work, Calder was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1945. This is a special award given by the British monarch for great service.

In 1966, he received a life peerage. This meant he was given a special title and became a member of the House of Lords for the rest of his life. He changed his surname to Ritchie-Calder and became Baron Ritchie-Calder, of Balmashanner in the Royal Burgh of Forfar on July 5, 1966.

Personal Life and Family

Lord Ritchie-Calder and his wife, Mabel Jane Forbes McKail, had five children. Many of them also became well-known. His children included:

• Nigel Calder, a science writer
• Angus Calder, a writer and historian
• Allan Calder, a mathematician
• Isla Calder, an educationist
• Fiona Rudd (née Calder), a teacher

He was also the grandfather of travel writer Simon Calder and the actor, writer, and comedian Gowan Calder.

Death

Peter Ritchie Calder passed away on January 31, 1982, in Edinburgh, Scotland.

See also

• List of peace activists