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Antiqua maneria facts for kids

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The Antiqua maneria (which means "ancient manors") were 17 special old estates, or 'manors,' that belonged to the Earldom of Cornwall. You can also call them 'assessionable manors.'

In March 1337, these manors became part of the new Duchy of Cornwall. King Edward III created this Duchy to help his son, Edward, who was known as the Black Prince (1330–1376). These manors were called 'assessionable' because they were regularly leased out using special agreements called 'assession leases.'

These 17 manors were very different in size and importance. They had various types of tenants, which were people who lived on and worked the land.

What were the Antiqua Manors?

The 17 Antiqua manors were the original estates owned by the Earldom of Cornwall. They were very important for the region's history. When the Duchy of Cornwall was created, these manors became a key part of its wealth. This helped support the King's son, the Black Prince.

Life on the Manors

In the early 1300s, many different people lived and worked on these manors. They were known as 'customary tenants.' These tenants had different roles and rights:

  • Conventionary tenants: These were people who had agreements to rent land.
  • Villeins or Nativi: These tenants were tied to the land. They had to work for the lord of the manor. They usually couldn't leave without permission.
  • Free tenants: These people had more freedom. They often paid rent for their land.
  • Villeins by descent: These were villeins whose families had been tied to the land for generations.

The table below shows some of the manors and how many tenants of different types lived there in the early 1300s. The parishes listed are how they are known today.

Table of Customary Tenants (Early 1300s)

Manor Around 1300 Around 1327-1332 Around 1333-1340
Conventionarii Villani Conventionarii Nativi Liberi Conventionarii Nativi Conventionarii Nativi de Stipite
Calstock of Harewood House 14 53 29 49 8
Climsland 23 81 25 69 28 49 18
Helston in Kirrier 76 11 102 6 102 5 2
Helston in Trigg (Helstone in Lanteglos); and Penmayne 33 78 37 72 11
Liskeard 41 26 46 36 49 34 4
Moresk in St Clement parish 20 19 24 20 2
Penkneth in Lanlivery parish 9 6 7 3 7
Penlyne in Lostwithiel parish 22 2 20 1 1
Penmayne in St Minver parish see Helston in Trigg
Restormel in Lostwithiel parish 2 12 15 8 8
Rillaton in Linkinhorne parish 7 6 - 3 10 5
Talskiddy in St Columb Major parish 2 1 4 3 3 3 0
Tewington in Treverbyn parish 43 11 52 12 52 6 5
Tintagel (formerly Bossiney) 14 28 25 30 26 30
Trematon in St Stephens by Saltash parish 29 21 38 25 37 16 6
Tybesta, in Creed parish 28 21 37 16 36 14 4
Tywarnhaile in St Agnes parish 12 15 11 15 2

See also

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