Battle of Landriano facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Battle of Landriano |
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| Part of the War of the League of Cognac | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Kingdom of France Republic of Florence.svg){kind=small} Duchy of Milan |
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Comte de St. Pol (POW) | Antonio de Leyva | ||||||
The Battle of Landriano was an important fight that happened on June 21, 1529. It was part of a bigger conflict called the War of the League of Cognac. In this battle, the French army, led by Francis de Bourbon, Comte de St. Pol, fought against the Imperial–Spanish army. Don Antonio de Leyva was in charge of the Imperial–Spanish forces. The French army was completely defeated. This battle helped to temporarily end the long struggle between King Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V over who would control northern Italy.
Contents
Why the Battle Happened
Events Leading to Landriano
In 1528, a naval commander named Andrea Doria switched sides. He left the French and joined Emperor Charles V. Doria helped to break the French army's attack on the city of Naples. A terrible sickness, the Bubonic plague, also hit the French soldiers. Many of them died, including their general, Odet of Foix, Viscount of Lautrec. He passed away on August 15.
After their general died, the French army was led by Giovanni Ludovico of Saluzzo. He ordered his troops to leave Naples on August 29. However, the Imperial–Spanish forces, led by Philibert of Châlon, caught up with them. The French army was badly beaten. Soon after, the entire French army in southern Italy surrendered.
Between August 1528 and June 1529, there were many talks between King Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. These discussions led to a peace agreement called the Treaty of Barcelona.
The Battle of Landriano
Fighting in Lombardy
On June 21, 1529, King Francis I still had his soldiers in Landriano. This area is in Lombardy, close to Pavia. Pavia was a place where the French had suffered a big defeat before.
The French reserve troops, led by the Count of St. Pol, were attacked. Spanish soldiers, under Don Antonio de Leyva, stopped them. The French army was completely destroyed. This loss ended King Francis's hopes of taking back control of Italy. The French commander, Francis de Bourbon, was also captured. This meant the Duchy of Milan was now fully controlled by the Emperor.
Fighting continued even after this battle, but without the French. The Imperial–Spanish army, still led by Philibert of Châlon, fought against the Republic of Florence. They helped to put Alessandro de' Medici in charge of Florence.
What Happened Next
The Treaty of Cambrai
After France lost the Battle of Landriano and signed the Treaty of Barcelona, King Francis I knew he had to talk with the Emperor.
On August 3, a new peace agreement was signed. It was called the Treaty of Cambrai. King Francis's mother, Louise of Savoy, and the Emperor's aunt, Margaret of Austria, signed it.
Under this treaty, Francis got his sons back. But he had to agree to several things:
- He had to give up his claims in Italy.
- He had to convince the Venetians and the Duke of Ferrara to return lands they had taken to the Emperor and Pope Clement VII.
- He promised not to get involved in the matters of Italy and Germany.
- He agreed to help fight against the Protestants.
- He had to pay 200,000 ducats (a type of money).
- He also had to provide ships for when the Emperor traveled to Italy for his coronation.
The treaty did not mention the Duchy of Burgundy. This helped to make up for a difficult situation Francis faced in an earlier agreement, the Treaty of Madrid.
See also
In Spanish: Batalla de Landriano para niños
- Siege of Florence (1529–30)
- List of governors of the Duchy of Milan
