Crane County, Texas Facts for Kids

Quick facts for kids Crane County
U.S. county
Crane County Courthouse in Crane
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Country	United States
State	Texas
Founded	1927
Named for	William Carey Crane
Seat	Crane
Largest city	Crane
Area
• Total	786 sq mi (2,040 km²)
• Land	785 sq mi (2,030 km²)
• Water	0.7 sq mi (2 km²) 0.08%
Population (2020)
• Total	4,675
• Density	5.948/sq mi (2.2965/km²)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	23rd

Road to Castle Gap between Crane and McCamey, Texas

Graves at Crane County Cemetery off U.S. Route 385

Crane County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,675. The county seat is Crane. The county was created in 1887 and later organized in 1927. It was named for William Carey Crane, a president of Southern Baptist-affiliated Baylor University in Waco, Texas.

History
- Native Americans
- County establishment and growth
Geography
- Major highways
- Adjacent counties
Demographics
Economy
Communities
- City
- Unincorporated community
Education
See also

History

Native Americans

Indigenous peoples were the first inhabitants of the area. Later Indian tribes included Comanches, Lipan Apache, and Kiowa.

County establishment and growth

Crane County was formed in 1887 from Tom Green County, and named after William Carey Crane, former president of Baylor University. Settlement came years later, and the county was not organized until 1927. In 1900, the United States census enumerated only 51 people and 12 ranches in the county. As late as 1918, the county had no roads.

In 1925, Church & Fields Exploration Company obtained a permit late in 1925 to drill for oil. The first well came in March 1926.

By 1927, an estimated 6,000 people were in the county, with 4,500 of them within the city of Crane. Water was trucked in and brought from $1.00 to $2.25 a barrel. By the beginning of 1991, almost 1,552,324,000 barrels (246,799,800 m³) of oil had been produced in the county since discovery in 1926.

County history is preserved in the Museum of the Desert Southwest, which opened in Crane in 1980.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 786 square miles (2,040 km²), of which 785 square miles (2,030 km²) is land and 0.7 square miles (1.8 km²) (0.08%) is water.

Between Crane and McCamey in neighboring Upton County is a division of the surrounding cliffs known as Castle Gap, a break in a mesa some 12 miles east of the Pecos River, used by Comanches, emigrants headed to the California Gold Rush, and cattlemen driving longhorns on the Goodnight-Loving Trail, as explained in Patrick Dearen's Castle Gap and the Pecos Frontier (2000).

Major highways

U.S. Highway 385
State Highway 329

Adjacent counties

Ector County (north)
Upton County (east)
Crockett County (southeast)
Pecos County (south)
Ward County (west)

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	%±
1890	15	—
1900	51	240.0%
1910	331	549.0%
1920	37	−88.8%
1930	2,221	5,902.7%
1940	2,841	27.9%
1950	3,965	39.6%
1960	4,699	18.5%
1970	4,172	−11.2%
1980	4,600	10.3%
1990	4,652	1.1%
2000	3,996	−14.1%
2010	4,375	9.5%
2020	4,675	6.9%
U.S. Decennial Census 1850–2010 2010 2020

**Crane County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000	Pop 2010	Pop 2020	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	2,083	1,761	1,342	52.13%	40.25%	28.71%
Black or African American alone (NH)	116	122	70	2.90%	2.79%	1.50%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	14	34	14	0.35%	0.78%	0.30%
Asian alone (NH)	14	13	22	0.35%	0.30%	0.47%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	0	0	0	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Other race alone (NH)	1	10	1	0.03%	0.23%	0.02%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)	15	26	68	0.38%	0.59%	1.45%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	1,753	2,409	3,158	43.87%	55.06%	67.55%
Total	3,996	4,375	4,675	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

As of the census of 2000, 3,996 people, 1,360 households, and 1,082 families resided in the county. The population density was five people per square mile (1.9 people/km²). The 1,596 housing units averaged two units per square mile (0.77 units/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 73.70% White, 2.90% Black or African American, 0.98% Native American, 0.35%, 19.49% from other races, and 2.58% from two or more races. About 43.87% of the population were Hispanic/Latino of any race.

Of the 1,360 households, 43.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.80% were married couples living together, 7.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.40% were not families. About 18.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.91, and the average family size was 3.35.

In the county, the population was distributed as 31.90% under the age of 18, 7.70% from 18 to 24, 26.90% from 25 to 44, 22.60% from 45 to 64, and 10.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,194, and for a family was $36,820. Males had a median income of $33,438 versus $16,806 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,374. About 12.40% of families and 13.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.30% of those under age 18 and 10.50% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The largest segment of the local economy is oil and gas production. The Waddell Ranch contains the single biggest portion of the Permian Basin Royalty Trust, with over 800 producing oil wells as of 2007. Crane County is one of the largest oil-producing counties in Texas, with a total of 1.5 billion barrels (240,000,000 m³) of oil pumped since oil was first discovered there. Cattle ranching and local government are other large employers; over 503,000 acres (2,040 km²) of land are used for livestock grazing.