Documents on the Persian Gulf's name facts for kids
Quick facts for kids 
some documents inside the book
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| Author | Dr.Ajam |
|---|---|
| Original title | Documents on the Persian Gulf's name the eternal heritage ancient time |
| Illustrator | Dr. Ajam |
| Cover artist | Dr. Ajam |
| Language | Persian -English |
| Subject | Documents on the Persian Gulf's name the eternal heritage ancient time |
| Published | 2004-2009 |
| Publisher | Tehran, Tehran university |
| Pages | 257+ documents |
| Awards | GOLD award.best research of 2009 |
| ISBN | 1-4-90231-600-978 |
| persiangulfstudies center. | |
Documents on the Persian Gulf's name the eternal heritage ancient time is a book and atlas written and compiled by Dr. M. Ajam. It was published first on 2004. A second edition was published under the supervision of Dr. Pirouz Mojtahedzadeh and Dr. M. Ganji in 2009.
Contents
Awards
At the eleventh International Festival of Iran's Best Research and Researchers of 2010, this book received the Gold Coin of best Award presented by the Vice President of Iran. This book has received many other awards and numerous other letters of appreciation, among them former president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani The book was candidate to receive prize of the year book in Iran. the book was considered among the best books in the last 50 years on Persian Gulf issues in Iran. A documentary film titled Persian Gulf Name in the Course of History has been filmed, mainly based on this book.
The book has 6 chapters.
This book was first published online in 2001.Then was published in 2004 in color and a newer version of it was released in 2009. The contents of this book have been repeatedly published in the Persian media. According to the suggestion of this book,the Persian Gulf National Day was registered by the Iranian government in 2005.
a summary of the book had been published on the UN website in 2006 under the title:
A glance at the Historical, Geographical and Legal Validity of the term.the 2006 UN report prepared by a panel of experts regarding the names
part of the book also had been included in the book “Persian Gulf" by Javad Nourouzi and published into 10 languages : Persian, Arabic, English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Chinese and Urdu
also a famous documentary film titled Persian Gulf, in the Course of History by Orod Atarpour has been produced and broadcasted in IRIB TV and Press TV mainly based on the document of this book.
Chapter one
The first chapter covers geographical and political issues of the Persian Gulf, historical recorded documents on the "Persian Gulf" name, the recent Persian Gulf naming dispute, and the 3 Islands.
1-1 The records and description the Persian Gulf by early Travelers and Geographers, including written description by Muslim travelers and European geographers.
Record the 300 historians, travelers and geographers of The Middle Ages, especially those writing in Arabic and Persian from the 9th to the 15th century.According to the book “Documents on the Persian Gulf's Name, the Eternal Heritage of Ancient Time,” the term Persian Gulf and its equivalents have been used continuously since earlier than 400 BC in all languages, especially in the Arabic language.
On almost all maps printed before 1960, and in most modern international treaties, documents and maps, this body of water is known by the name "Persian Gulf." Following British attempts to control the seaway in the late 1830s, the Times Journal, published in London in 1840, referred to the Persian Gulf as the "Britain Sea", but this name was never used in any other context.
Chapter two
- part 1: talks about the different Names of Iran from 500 BC till now.especially the name Iran and Persia.
- part 2: discusses maps, atlases, and history of maps. and documents about persian gulf in different era since Alexander the great page 52-92. and also some famous contract and treaties which mentioned persian gulf.
page 98 -122 explain Some of the most important historical atlases which have the Persian gulf name such as:
- - Atlas The Arabian Peninsula in Old European Maps (253 maps) by Khaled Al Ankary, Institute du Monde Arabe,Paris and Tunisia University,2001.all 253 maps of this atlas have been printed in color and 3 languages and have the correct name of Persian gulf.
- part 2 page 170-216 .view points of those defending the name and says any change in geographical names should consider the facts as :
- . Historical & geographical facts and 2500 years continuous use of the term in all languages.
On almost all maps printed before 1960, and in most modern international treaties, documents and maps, this body of water is known as"Persian Gulf" or equivalent.
- Contracts and legal and geographical facts in Arabic texts.all arabs letter and contracts befor 1960 used the name as persian gulf(خلیج فارس).
United Nations
According to the book Documents on the Persian Gulf's pages ( 92–98), the United Nations Secretariat and its specialized agencies have requested its staff many times to use only "Persian Gulf" as a standard geographical designation. The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names discussed the naming issue during its 23rd session, held in Vienna from 28 March to 4 April 2006. According to the report of the meeting, "It is interesting that from among 6000 existing historical maps published up to 1890, there are only three maps mentioning the names of Basreh Gulf, Ghatif Gulf, and Arabic Gulf, which are in fact bays but in local language both the bays and the gulf is called khaleej(Gulf) but such names are not applied to the entirety of the Persian Gulf. It is obvious that the promotional use by the Arabs of the three aforementioned maps, whose identity and originality are not clear, in comparison with 6000 maps and more than 200 historical and tourism books from Irastus to Herodotus to Estakhri and Ibn Houghal, who have all called the water body, Persian Gulf, shall lack any value." The United Nations has 8 times stated in its statements, amendments and resolutions that the name "Persian Gulf" is official, and called on the staff of the Secretariat and other affiliated organizations to use the full name of the Persian Gulf in official correspondence. some of the enlistments are as follow:
- Circular No. CAB/1/87/63 dated 16.02.1987 of Managing Director of UNESCO.
- ST/CSSER/29 dated Jan. 10, 1990.
- AD/311/1/GEN dated March 5, 1991.
- ST/CS/SER.A/29/Add.1 dated Jan. 24, 1992.
- ST/CS/SER.A/29/Add.2 dated Aug. 18, 1994.
- ST/CS/SER.A/29/Rev.1 dated May 14, 1999.
- 2008 ,4 April UN. Department of Economic and Social Affairs(DESA)
The report further notes that "any change, destruction, or alteration of the names registered in historical deeds and maps is like the destruction of ancient works and is considered as an improper action. Therefore, the names of geographical features profiting from a unique historical identity, should not be utilized as political instruments in reaching a political, tribal, and racial objective, or in any clash with national interests and other's values,". The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), an international body for provision of hydrographic information for worldwide marine navigation and other purposes, uses the name "Gulf of Iran (Persian Gulf)" for this body of water, in its standard S-23 (Limits of Oceans and Seas), section 41, published in 1953. The United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency GEOnet Names Server (GNS) is the "official repository of standard spellings of all foreign place names" The GNS lists "Persian Gulf" as the Conventional name. "
Viewpoint of Iran (Persia)
Iran uses only Persian Gulf since 2000 Some atlases and media outlets have taken to referring to it as"The Gulf" without adjectiv. Iran does not consider this an impartial usage and views it as the ignore of the historical and legal facts. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad made a speech to the United Nations General Assembly during which he said that the only correct name of the sea between Iran and the Arabian peninsula was the Persian Gulf, and he dismissed the use of any other names as “illegitimate and void.Iran officially designated 30 April as National Persian Gulf Day. The date coincides with the anniversary of Abbas I of Persia's successful military campaign when the Portuguese navy was driven out of the Strait of Hormuz in the Capture of Hormuz (1622). The decision was taken by the High Council of Cultural Revolution, noting that the campaign launched in 2009 by certain Arab states to rename Persian Gulf was the driver behind the decision.
confession of Arabs scholars
Pages 126 to 146 of the book contain material and quotes about the confession of many contemporary Arab leaders and elites about the legitimacy of the name of the Persian Gulf. Jamal Abdel Nasser and other Arabs leaders were using the persian gulf. Abdel Khaleq al-Janabi, a Saudi Arabian historian, said "It's this name [Persian Gulf] that has been retained by history books and Arab historians, like Ibn Khaldoun and Ibn al Athir. It's also in treaties signed between the governors of the gulf and the British who dominated the region from the beginning of the 20th century ... From a scientific and historical point of view, it has been called the Persian Gulf since Alexander the Great". He said that it was "without foundation" to claim the Romans named it "Arabian Gulf". "Things didn't change until Nasser came to power and the rise of Arab nationalism. The Arabs then began to use the name 'Arabian Gulf'", he added. And many prominent scholars and political and religious leaders such as Professor Abdelhadi Tazi, Ahmad al-Saraf, Abdelilah Benkirane (Prime Minister of 2011-2013 Morocco), Abdul Monem Saeed, Abdul Khaliq al-Janabi, Qaradawi, Gen. Majdi Omar, Former First Deputy of the Egyptian National Defense Council in recent decades have commented on the authenticity of the name of the Persian Gulf and the lack of justification for changing the name.
Chapter three
Chapter 3 discusses the history of falsification of the name of the Persian Gulf. In this chapter, the role of Arab nationalist leaders - the role of religious leaders - the role of the Arab media is examined. and Focus on the controversy between Iran and Arab countries and how it developed Mentions other names used by other countries and throughout history.
- part one: page 142-155 . viewpoints Arabs.
- Arabs countries around the gulf have the right to name it according to what fit to them.
- Pliny the Elder, Natural History (Pliny) had mentioned it as Persian gulf or Arabian gulf?
- part 2 page 170-216 .view points of those defending the name and says any change in geographical names should consider the facts as :
- . Historical & geographical facts and 2500 years continuous use of the term in all languages.
On almost all maps printed before 1960, and in most modern international treaties, documents and maps, this body of water is known as"Persian Gulf" or equivalent.
- Contracts and legal and geographical facts in Arabic texts.all arabs letter and contracts befor 1960 used the name as persian gulf(خلیج فارس).
According to the pages(92–98), the United Nations Secretariat and specialized agencies of the United Nations agencies have requested its staff many times to use only "Persian Gulf" as a standard geographical designation.
Chapter four
Part 7 page 87 is about British control and colonialist time of controlling the Persian gulf . Portuguese, Netherlands and British. For about 200 years, from 1763 until 1971, the United Kingdom kept some control over some of the Persian Gulf lands. The lands were current states of the United Arab Emirates and at various times Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar.
printed in the Book's Documents.
printed in the Book's Documents .
Chapter five
Part 11 is about important Documents, Maps and Pictures on the museums and archives in different countries . also answers to the question of those say the names should change.
Chapter six Documents
Basra BahreFars(Persian Gulf's name in the time Ottoman Empire official map printed in the Book's Documents section.
Related pages
- Names of Iran
- Persian Gulf
- Persian Gulf naming dispute
- Early world maps
- History of cartography
- List of cartographers
- Iran
- Middle East
- Cartography
- MapsIran
