Enrico Cialdini facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Enrico Cialdini
Duke of Gaeta
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Cialdini c. 1861
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| Born | 10 August 1811 Castelvetro di Modena |
| Died | 8 September 1892 (aged 81) |
| Battles/wars | Battle of Novara (1849) Battle of Palestro Battle of Castelfidardo Siege of Gaeta (1860) Battle of Aspromonte |
| Signature |  |
Enrico Cialdini, Duke of Gaeta (born August 10, 1811 – died September 8, 1892) was an important Italian soldier, politician, and diplomat. He played a big role in uniting Italy into one country.
Contents
Early Life and Military Beginnings
Enrico Cialdini was born in Castelvetro, a town in the province of Modena, which was part of the Kingdom of Italy at the time. His father was an engineer. Enrico went to a Jesuit school but was later expelled.
In 1831, when he was 20, Cialdini joined a rebellion in Modena. After this uprising, he had to leave Italy. He went to Paris, France, and then to Spain. In Spain, he fought against a group called the Carlists, who wanted a different king for Spain. This experience helped him become a skilled soldier.
Fighting for Italian Unity
Return to Italy and Early Battles
Cialdini returned to Italy in 1848. This was a time when many Italians wanted to unite their different states into one country. He quickly became a military leader. He commanded a regiment (a large group of soldiers) at the Battle of Novara.
Key Victories and the Duke Title
In 1859, Cialdini helped create a special army unit called the Alpine Brigade. He led the 4th Division in the Battle of Palestro. The next year, he led his troops into the Marche region. He won a major victory at the Battle of Castelfidardo. After this, he captured the city of Ancona. He then led the important Siege of Gaeta.
For his bravery and success in these battles, the king made him the Duke of Gaeta. The Italian Parliament also gave him a pension (regular payment) of 10,000 lire.
Challenges and Political Roles
In 1861, Cialdini became involved in a disagreement between two famous Italian leaders: Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi. The king had to step in to stop a duel between Cialdini and Garibaldi.
In 1862, Cialdini was put in charge of troops sent to stop Garibaldi's expedition. He defeated Garibaldi at the Battle of Aspromonte. From 1862 to 1866, he served as a royal representative in Naples. There, he worked to stop banditry (groups of outlaws) in Southern Italy. In 1864, he became a senator, which is a type of politician in the government.
Later Career and Diplomacy
Third Italian War of Independence
When the Third Italian War of Independence began, Cialdini again commanded an army. However, disagreements between him and another general, Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora, caused problems for the army. These disagreements contributed to the defeat at the Battle of Custoza. After the war, he was offered command of the General Staff, but he turned it down.
Political Attempts and Ambassador Role
In 1867, Cialdini tried to form a government. He wanted to prevent Garibaldi from invading the Papal States, which were ruled by the Pope. His attempt was not successful. Two years later, he tried again but failed due to disagreements about the army's budget.
On August 3, 1870, Cialdini spoke in favor of Italy helping France in a conflict. This made him more influential. In July 1876, he became the ambassador (a diplomat representing his country) to France. He held this important position until 1882. He resigned because a private message he had sent, complaining about how he was treated, was made public.
Enrico Cialdini passed away in Livorno in 1892.
Images for kids
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Enrico Cialdini's signature
See also
In Spanish: Enrico Cialdini para niños
