List of presidents of Czechoslovakia Facts for Kids

Quick facts for kids President of Czechoslovakia
Presidential Standard (1918–1960)
Longest serving Tomáš Masaryk 14 November 1918 – 14 December 1935
Style	His Excellency
Residence	Prague Castle Bratislava Castle (1969–92)
Appointer	Federal Assembly
Formation	14 November 1918; 106 years ago (1918-11-14)
First holder	Tomáš Masaryk
Final holder	Václav Havel
Abolished	20 July 1992; 32 years ago (1992-07-20)
Deputy	Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1948–1992)

The President of Czechoslovakia was the main leader of the country. This important role existed from when Czechoslovakia was created in 1918 until it split into two separate countries on January 1, 1993.

The president was the head of state, meaning they were the official representative of the country. If the president's job was empty, the prime minister usually took over most of their duties.

After 1948, the leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) became very powerful. They were often the real decision-maker, even more so than the president. Sometimes, the party leader also served as president, like Klement Gottwald, Antonín Novotný, and Gustáv Husák.

Leaders of Czechoslovakia: Presidents (1918–1992)
Timeline of Presidents
Presidential Flags
Images for kids
See also

Leaders of Czechoslovakia: Presidents (1918–1992)

Here are the different political groups that the presidents belonged to: Czechoslovak National Social Party (ČSNS) Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) Civic Forum (OF)

Other groups: Independent (not part of a specific political party)

No.	Picture	Name (Born–Died)	Background	Chosen	Time in Office			Political Group
No.	Picture	Name (Born–Died)	Background	Chosen	Started	Ended	Total Time	Political Group

First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938)
1		Tomáš Masaryk (1850–1937)	Czech	1918 1920 1927 1934	14 November 1918	14 December 1935	17 years, 30 days	Independent
2		Edvard Beneš (1884–1948)	Czech	1935	18 December 1935	5 October 1938	2 years, 291 days	ČSNS

Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–1939)
3		Emil Hácha (1872–1945)	Czech	1938	30 November 1938	15 March 1939	105 days	Independent

During World War II (1939–1945) Emil Hácha became the leader of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. This was a region controlled by Nazi Germany. Edvard Beneš led the Czechoslovak government-in-exile. This government was recognized by the Allies during World War II. Jozef Tiso became President of the Slovak Republic. This was a separate state that supported the Nazis. Avgustyn Voloshyn was President of Carpatho-Ukraine for a short time before it was taken over by Hungary.

Third Czechoslovak Republic (1945–1948)
2		Edvard Beneš (1884–1948)	Czech	1946	4 April 1945	7 June 1948	3 years, 64 days	ČSNS

Communist Era (1948–1989) Official names: Czechoslovak Republic (1948–1960), Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1960–1989)
4		Klement Gottwald (1896–1953)	Czech	1948	14 June 1948	14 March 1953	4 years, 273 days	KSČ
5		Antonín Zápotocký (1884–1957)	Czech	1953	21 March 1953	13 November 1957	4 years, 237 days	KSČ
6		Antonín Novotný (1904–1975)	Czech	1957 1964	19 November 1957	22 March 1968	10 years, 124 days	KSČ
7		Ludvík Svoboda (1895–1979)	Czech	1968 1973	30 March 1968	29 May 1975	7 years, 60 days	KSČ
8		Gustáv Husák (1913–1991)	Slovak	1975 1980 1985	29 May 1975	10 December 1989	14 years, 195 days	KSČ

After the Communist Era (1989–1992) Official names: Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (1989–1990), Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–1992)
9		Václav Havel (1936–2011)	Czech	1989 1990 1992 (failed)	29 December 1989	20 July 1992	2 years, 204 days	OF